Investigation of Sway Back Posture Prevalence and Alignment of Spine and Lower Limb Joints in This Deformity

Objective: Sway Back posture is one of the most common postural deformity.This study aimed to define Sway back posture prevalence and quantitatively meassure of the joints alignment in it. Materials & Methods: In this cross sectional descriptive study The posture of 51 female students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences at an average of 22.05±2.44 years was evaluated. First, subjects completed a general characteristics questionnaire. Scond, the amount of their pelvic sway was measured by a grid paper and plumb line. When the plumb line passed the more than 3cm posterior to mid point of ASIS (Anterior Superior Iliac Spine) - PSIS (Posterior Superior Jliac Spine) axis, the subjects were categorized in Sway back posture. Then with goniometer alignment of hip, knee and ankle joints were measured. Also, the pelvic inclination and kyphosis and lordosis angles were measured with a Pelvic Inclinometer and Flexicurve Ruler, respectively. Results: The mean value of lordosis in Sway back posture group was greater than normal group (p = 0.004). Though the amount of kyphosis and anterior tilt were greater in Sway back posture than normal group, but did not show any significant difference between them (P>0.05). In Sway back posture group, the hip and knee joints tend to flexion. The ankle showed dorsiflexion which had a significant corelation with the pelvic sway. The prevalence of this deformity was 39.2% and was more common than other spinal deformities in young female subjects. Conclusion: This study indicated that the prevalence of the Sway back posture in the population of our study is high (39.21%). Also, indicated that the lordose increased and the pelvic displaced to anterior without noticeable changing in alignment of the thorasic region, joint of lower extremity and pelvic inclinatio

Short-term effects of whole-body vibration training on neuromuscular activity of muscles in important area in respect of osteoporotic fractures in maximal voluntary isometric contraction in young healthy women

Introduction: Electromyography (EMG) response of muscles to Whole Body Vibration (WBV) has most studied acutely in areas close to the vibration platform. While, chronic effects of WBV on EMG response of muscles in far areas from vibration plate and with therapeutic perspective has been neglected. This study aimed to investigate the EMG response of muscles in areas far from vibration plate and important from orthopedic view in osteoporotic fractures and at risk population like women. Materials and Methods: Twelve nonathletic healthy young women (mean age ± SD; 25.66 ± 2.71 years) were participated in the one-blind controlled trial study design. They all enrolled to the WBV (static semi squat training + vibration) (vertical vibration, 30 Hz, 3mm) and placebo (static semi squat training) groups, randomly. Training protocol was similar in both groups except of WBV machine set as off in placebo group. EMG tests of muscles (lumbar erector spine (ES), Gluteous maximus (G.max), Rectus femoris (RF)) were carried out before and after twelve sessions of training and root mean square and median frequency were extracted for statistical analysis. Results: WBV effects on RMS of ES (P = 0.017) and G.max (P = 0.014), as well as median frequency of ES (P = 0.020) increased than before training. The net effect of WBV compared with placebo increased statistically only in RMS of G.max muscle (P < 0.001) and this increase was more than other two muscles, significantly (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The results indicate the positive net effect of twelve sessions of WBV training on amplitude of muscle activity in G.max. This muscle is far from vibration plate and its strengthening can impose physiologic loading on the greater trochanter, cause likely to strengthen it and prevent osteoporotic fractures in this area. However, the relevance of this finding has to be further investigated in other studies and population like the postmenopausal women. Keywords: WBV training, Women, RMS, Median frequency, EMG, Osteoporosi

تأثير تمرين کوتاه‌مدت همراه با ويبراسيون کل بدن بر فعاليت الکتروميوگرافي عضلات سولئوس و گاستروکنميوس در زنان جوان سالم

مقدمه: اثرات ويبراسيون کل بدن (Whole body vibration یا WBV) بر پاسخ الکترومايوگرافي عضلات بررسي شده است، اما پاسخ عضلات کند و تند انقباض پس از اعمال WBV مشخص نيست. هدف از اين مطالعه، بررسي اثر تمرين کوتاه‌مدت همراه با WBV بر فعاليت الکتريکي عضلات سولئوس و گاستروکنميوس به عنوان عضلات کند و تند انقباض بود. مواد و روش‌ها: دوازده زن سالم جوان غير ورزشکار (سن، 2/71 ± 25/66 سال؛ قد، 5/6 ± 161 سانتي‌متر؛ وزن، 5/42 ± 66/5 کيلوگرم) به صورت تصادفي در دو گروه درمان‌نما (Sham) (6 = n) و WBV (6 = n) قرار گرفتند. قبل و بعد از 12 جلسه تمرين، دامنه فعاليت الکترومايوگرافي (Root mean square یا RMS) حين حداکثر انقباض ايزومتريک ارادي عضلات سولئوس و گاستروکنميوس ثبت شد. تمرين شامل حفظ وضعيت سمي اسکوات ايزومتريک بود که در گروه درمان‌نما روي دستگاه WBV خاموش و در گروه WBV روي دستگاه WBV روشن (فرکانس ويبراسيون 30 هرتز و دامنه قله به قله جابجايي صفحه ويبراسيون 3 ميلي‌متر) انجام گرفت. یافته‌ها: فعاليت الکتريکي عضلات سولئوس و گاستروکنميوس قبل از شروع تمرينات در دو گروه يکسان بود (0/05 < P). دوازده جلسه تمرين تغيير معني‌دار آماري در RMS عضلات سولئوس و گاستروکنميوس هيچ يک از گروه‌ها ايجاد نکرد (0/05 < P). همچنين، با وجود تغيير رفتار و افزايش پاسخ RMS عضله گاستروکنميوس خارجي از گروه درمان‌نما به گروه WBV، تفاوت معني‌داري در مقدار تغيير RMS عضله مذکور بين دو گروه مشاهده نشد (0/05 < P).  مقدار تغيير RMS عضله سولئوس نيز تفاوت معني‌داري بين دو گروه نداشت (0/05 < P). نتیجه گیری: با اين که افزايش فعاليت الکتريکي عضلات سولئوس و گاستروکنميوس بعد از تمرين WBV از نظر آماري به سطح معني‌دار نرسيد، اما بررسي الگوي پاسخ عضلات بين گروه درمان‌نما و گروه WBV، مبين اثر مثبت WBV بر عضله گاستروکنميوس به عنوان عضله تند انقباض است. کلید واژه‌ها: ويبراسيون کل بدن، ریشه دوم مربع متوسط دامنه،  فعاليت الکترومايوگرافي، سولئوس، گاستروکنميو

The Correlation of Kyphosis, Lordosis and Pelvic Tilt with Pelvic Organ Prolapses

Objective: Given high prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse in female, and necessity of effect assessment of it's risk factors in various societies, this study was aimed to investigate the correlation of thoracic and lumbar spinal curvature as well as pelvic tilt changes with pelvic organ prolapse. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional and case-control study, fifteen females with pelvic organ prolapse, on the basis of inclusion criteria were selected by simple and convenient sampling from Imam Khomeini and Akbar abadi hospitals patients as case group. Also, fifteen females with zero or first degree of prolapse were selected by matching with cases as control group. Prolapse condition of both groups participants was assessed by pelvic organ prolapse qualification (POP-Q) system and spinal curvature of thoracic and lumbar as well as pelvic tilt were assessed by flexicurve ruler and pelvic inclinometer, respectively. Data were analyzed by Kolmogroff-Smirnoff, Independent T and Multiple Logistic Regression tests. Results: There was no significant difference between two groups in kyphosis (P=0.26), lordosis (P=0.52) and pelvic tilt (P=0.41). Conclusion: Although the results of study do not show significant correlation between kyphosis, lordosis and pelvic tilt with pelvic organ prolapse occurrence but similar direction of changes in the variables with our hypothesis and other studies preserve the likelihood of relationship between the increasing of kyphosis and decreasing of lordosis in pelvic organ prolapse in a large statistic society