Examining The Impact of a DSP Project Through a Comparative Adult Education Lens: A Snapshot of Principal Professional Development for Education Internationalization in Beijing, China

Through the lenses of comparative adult education and international educational leadership development, this study explores the learning experiences of local school principals after they participated in a professional development program named Domestic Study Program (DSP) in Beijing. A qualitative narrative inquiry was applied and four school principals who self-reported as experiencing personal and professional improvement through the DSP program were interviewed. Their lived learning experiences as adult learners through the DSP project were sorted, categorized, grouped, and regrouped following the qualitative research data analysis protocols suggested by Rossman and Rallis (2003) and Creswell (2014). The research indicates that the four local principals experienced major changes in the areas of self-perception, ways of thinking, and ways of doing. The findings are interpreted through the lenses of comparative adult education and international educational leadership development

Research on a New Method of Indirect Velocity Measurement for DC Motors

Focusing on the DC motor indirect velocity measurement without sensors, according to the characteristics of the local mean decomposition, which PF component separated in decreasing order of frequency were arranged, the paper builds adaptive filter (for short, AF). Secondly, the paper determined the order in AF cut-off component to form a band pass filter to extract the commutation current. Finally, with the DC motor commutation, extreme value difference method for getting the current frequency is proposed. Commutation current characteristics respectively based on LMD and EMD are compared with experimental data, and compared the performance of solving commutation frequency by the extreme difference method and wavelet ridge algorithm, Hilbert transform and the arc cosine of LMD. Related experiments prove that the proposed method is feasible and effective

PAPR reduction using iterative clipping/filtering and ADMM approaches for OFDM-based mixed-numerology systems

Mixed-numerology transmission is proposed to support a variety of communication scenarios with diverse requirements. However, as the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) remains as the basic waveform, the peak-to average power ratio (PAPR) problem is still cumbersome. In this paper, based on the iterative clipping and filtering (ICF) and optimization methods, we investigate the PAPR reduction in the mixed-numerology systems. We first illustrate that the direct extension of classical ICF brings about the accumulation of inter-numerology interference (INI) due to the repeated execution. By exploiting the clipping noise rather than the clipped signal, the noise-shaped ICF (NS-ICF) method is then proposed without increasing the INI. Next, we address the in-band distortion minimization problem subject to the PAPR constraint. By reformulation, the resulting model is separable in both the objective function and the constraints, and well suited for the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) approach. The ADMM-based algorithms are then developed to split the original problem into several subproblems which can be easily solved with closed-form solutions. Furthermore, the applications of the proposed PAPR reduction methods combined with filtering and windowing techniques are also shown to be effective

Neuronal basis and diverse mechanisms of pathogen avoidance in Caenorhabditis elegans

Pathogen avoidance behaviour has been observed across animal taxa as a vital host-microbe interaction mechanism. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has evolved multiple diverse mechanisms for pathogen avoidance under natural selection pressure. We summarise the current knowledge of the stimuli that trigger pathogen avoidance, including alterations in aerotaxis, intestinal bloating, and metabolites. We then survey the neural circuits involved in pathogen avoidance, transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of pathogen avoidance, signalling crosstalk between pathogen avoidance and innate immunity, and C. elegans avoidance of non-Pseudomonas bacteria. In this review, we highlight the latest advances in understanding host-microbe interactions and the gut-brain axis

The Changing Patterns in Grasslands and Soil Fertility along the Eastern Eurasian Steppe Transect across China–Mongolia–Russia

This paper analyses the adaptation and change in species along the north-south Eastern Eurasian Steppe Transect across China – Mongolia – Russia and considers the implications for climate change and management. The plant community diversity, above-ground biomass, N:P ratios of community and of dominant species, soil N (nitrogen), soil P (phosphorus) and AP (available phosphorus) contents were studied along a 1400 km north-south transect. The main findings were: (1) the community diversity and productivity decreased with the increase in latitude and a significant negative correlation was found between the many plant characteristics and latitude (P \u3c 0.05) – decreasing diversity, biomass and N:P ratios; (2) soil AP content was lowest in Inner Mongolia, whereas no significant change in soil total P with latitude was found in China-Mongolia-Russia transect, a significant positive correlation was detected between the soil nutrient (N and AP) and latitude (P \u3c 0.05); (3) a significant positive correlation was evident between plant community P content and soil AP content (P \u3c 0.01), but a negative correlation was found between community N:P ratio and soil AP content (P \u3c 0.05). The soil AP content can be used as a soil properties indicator to reflect the plant communities P content and N: P ratio. It is suggested that greater human activities in Inner Mongolia may be an important factor affecting soil AP content, community N:P and plant growth

Tandem internal electric fields in intralayer/interlayer carbon nitride homojunction with a directed flow of photo-excited electrons for photocatalysis

Photocatalytic hydrogen production is a green technology while significantly impeded by the sluggish and uncontrolled charge dynamics for less electron accumulation on catalyst surface. Herein, we proposed an effective strategy of epitaxial growth of a van der Waals (VDW) homojunction on an intralayer homojunction of carbon nitride for a controlled charge flow. Experimental and simulation collectively disclosed a tandem internal electric field (IEF) in the integrated hybrid, stringing a lateral IEF along the intralayer homojunction with a vertical IEF within the VDW homojunction. The planar IEF dominates laterally dispersive movement of charge carriers for their efficient separations and mobilities, meanwhile the vertical IEF induces an oriented accumulation of the dispersive hot electrons to the catalyst surface for intensified hydrogen reduction. The tandem IEF renders the hydrogen evolution rate at 3.5-fold higher than in-planar homojunction, and 6.3 times higher than g-C3N4 benchmark. This work realizes charge-directing dynamics for robust photocatalysis