3,937 research outputs found
Neutrino flavor ratios as diagnostic of solar WIMP annihilation
We consider the neutrino (and antineutrino) flavors arriving at Earth for
neutrinos produced in the annihilation of weakly interacting massive particles
(WIMPs) in the Sun's core. Solar-matter effects on the flavor propagation of
the resulting \agt GeV neutrinos are studied analytically within a
density-matrix formalism. Matter effects, including mass-state level-crossings,
influence the flavor fluxes considerably. The exposition herein is somewhat
pedagogical, in that it starts with adiabatic evolution of single flavors from
the Sun's center, with set to zero, and progresses to fully
realistic processing of the flavor ratios expected in WIMP decay, from the
Sun's core to the Earth. In the fully realistic calculation, non-adiabatic
level-crossing is included, as are possible nonzero values for
and the CP-violating phase . Due to resonance enhancement in matter,
nonzero values of even smaller than a degree can noticeably
affect flavor propagation. Both normal and inverted neutrino-mass hierarchies
are considered. Our main conclusion is that measuring flavor ratios (in
addition to energy spectra) of \agt GeV solar neutrinos can provide
discrinination between WIMP models. In particular, we demonstrate the flavor
differences at Earth for neutrinos from the two main classes of WIMP final
states, namely and 95% + 5% . Conversely,
if WIMP properties were to be learned from production in future accelerators,
then the flavor ratios of \agt GeV solar neutrinos might be useful for
inferring and the mass hierarchy.Comment: 30 pages, including 10 figures and 4 appendice
The cluster environments of radio loud quasars
We have carried out multi-colour imaging of the fields of a statistically
complete sample of low-frequency selected radio loud quasars at 0.6<z<1.1, in
order to determine the characteristics of their environments. The largest radio
sources are located in the field, and smaller steep-spectrum sources are more
likely to be found in richer environments, from compact groups through to
clusters. This radio-based selection (including source size) of high redshift
groups and clusters is a highly efficient method of detecting rich environments
at these redshifts. Although our single filter clustering measures agree with
those of other workers, we show that these statistics cannot be used reliably
on fields individually, colour information is required for this.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, contribution to "Tracing Cosmic Evolution with
Galaxy Clusters" (Sesto 2001), ASP Conference Serie
Estimate of heating effects in Raman microspectroscopy and the accuracy of stokes/anti-stokes thermometry
Нагрев образца значительно увеличивает неопределенность условий получения спектров в Рамановской микроспектроскопии. В работе теоретически оценен максимальный рост температуры внутри образца при воздействии лазерного излучения. Результат моделирования роста температуры представлен аналитически в виде функции свойств пробы (показатель рефракции, коэффициент абсорбции, теплопроводность), мощности лазера и значения апертуры фокусирующего объектива. Показано, что достигаемая точность определения температуры по соотношению интенсивностей стоксовской и антистоксовских полос может быть оценена теоретически, что имеет большую практическую значимость. Получена функциональная зависимость, связывающая точность определения температуры образца с основными источниками экспериментальных погрешностей. Обсуждены различные практически влияющие факторы, вызывающие ухудшение теоретического отношения dТ/Т
Resolving Phonon Fock States in a Multimode Cavity with a Double-Slit Qubit
We resolve phonon number states in the spectrum of a superconducting qubit
coupled to a multimode acoustic cavity. Crucial to this resolution is the sharp
frequency dependence in the qubit-phonon interaction engineered by coupling the
qubit to surface acoustic waves in two locations separated by acoustic
wavelengths. In analogy to double-slit diffraction, the resulting
self-interference generates high-contrast frequency structure in the
qubit-phonon interaction. We observe this frequency structure both in the
coupling rate to multiple cavity modes and in the qubit spontaneous emission
rate into unconfined modes. We use this sharp frequency structure to resolve
single phonons by tuning the qubit to a frequency of destructive interference
where all acoustic interactions are dispersive. By exciting several detuned yet
strongly-coupled phononic modes and measuring the resulting qubit spectrum, we
observe that, for two modes, the device enters the strong dispersive regime
where single phonons are spectrally resolved.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures; revised arguments in paragraphs 3 and 8, added
Hamiltonian description, and corrected typo
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