An Atmospheric correction algorithm for hyperspectral imagery

Radiometrically calibrated hyperspectral imagery contains information relating to the material properties of a surface target and the atmospheric layers between the surface target and the sensor. All atmospheric layers contain well-mixed molecular gases, aerosol particles, and water vapor, and information about these constituents may be extracted from hyperspectral imagery by using specially designed algorithms. This research describes a total sensor radiance-to-ground reflectance inversion program. An equivalent surface-pressure depth can be extracted using the NLLSSF technique on the 760nm oxygen band. Two different methods (APDA, and NLLSSF) can be used to derive total columnar water vapor using the radiative transfer model MODTRAN 4.0. Atmospheric visibility can be derived via the NLLSSF technique from the 400-700nm bands or using a new approach that uses the upwelled radiance fit from the Regression Intersection Method from 550nm- 700nm. A new numerical approximation technique is also introduced to calculate the effect of the target surround on the sensor-received radiance. The recovered spectral reflectances for each technique are compared to reflectance panels with well-characterized ground truth

PLM systems for the apparel industry: Current status according to the literature

Currently, there is a lack of literature explaining the use of PLM in the apparel industry. Therefore, the purpose of this abstract was to review literature on PLM systems for sustainable NPD in the apparel industry. Specifically, the objectives of this review were to: (a) analyze the documentation of one company, (b) examine current state of PLM system implementation in apparel companies and (c) suggest future directions for research of PLM systems for the apparel industry

Does Postformal Thinking Facilitate Recovery From Grief and Promote Well-Being During Bereavement In Widows?

Widows were assessed on four measures relating to recovery from bereavement: postformal thinking (measured as dialectical thinking), recovery from grief (measured as past feelings and present feelings), well-being (measured by three subscales: autonomy, environmental mastery, and positive relations with others), and age at time of participation. Eighty participants completed and returned questionnaires. It was hypothesized that age of the participant and the development of postformal thinking would predict higher scores on recovery from grief and well-being. Analysis was performed using a Structural Equation Model with a comparative fit index (CFI) of .98. Results showed that age and postformal thinking did not predict recovery from grief or higher well-being scores. In addition no correlation was found between later age and postformal thinking, although there was a correlation between scores on recovery from grief and scores on well-being

Pristine Places and Passive People? Responses to Neoliberal Development and Maoist Conflict in Nepal\u27s Northwest Himalayas

In Humla District, Nepal, agro-pastoralists\u27 confrontations with forces of change in the last generation have altered villagers\u27 abilities to gain access to scarce resources. Development efforts and Nepal\u27s recent armed conflict, in particular, introduced novel technologies and ideologies that affected Humli vulnerabilities. This dissertation is based on field research comparing two Hindu villages in northwest Nepal during 2009 and 2010. One village had more extensive ties to development than the other, and these villagers and other change agents co-created transitional contexts of vulnerability in the post-conflict setting of rural Nepal. An armed conflict dominated the political landscape in Nepal for nearly ten years, ostensibly to uplift downtrodden members of society. Humlis who joined the Maoists during the insurgency had higher average incomes and higher overall socioeconomic statuses than those who did not join. This research challenges conventional wisdom about how `people\u27s wars\u27 motivate individuals of different social positions. Indeed, villagers\u27 responses to development workers and Maoist combatants were surprisingly similar. Certain development processes had de-stabilized parts of the region, and contributed both materially and ideologically to the vulnerabilities people experienced during and following the conflict. The rise of Nepali democracy and the development industry since the early 1990s has presented new social networking and resource options to Humlis as well as exposing them to new risks and vulnerabilities. The villagers who resisted some of these novelties had better food security and health outcomes and less divisive experiences of the conflict than villagers more engaged with development. Based on over a year of fieldwork (participant observation, surveys, interviews, and focus groups), statistical and ArcGIS analyses represent landscapes of health, health-seeking behavior, conflict, and kin networks in northwestern Nepal. These findings explore the integration of neoliberal development in this post-conflict setting in which cultural pluralism, caste, Hinduism and cultural conservatism all shape decision-making. They reveal the social and material resource conditions conducive to engagement in risky behavior in a politically and ecologically diverse and fragile context, with implications for Nepal\u27s, and by extension other rapidly developing regions\u27, ongoing development and contexts of vulnerability