On modeling and the use of the NASTRAN thermal analyzer

Eight alternative modeling techniques to specify prescribed temperature at grid or scalar points for transient thermal analyses are presented. Four cases are for constant temperatures, and the others are time varying temperature functions. Theoretical explications and detailed listing of input data cards used for illustrating different modelings are given. It is shown that the NTA is exploited to extend beyond its normal capabilities through innovative modeling techniques. In addition, the effect of node valency on the energy distribution grid points is illustrated and discussed. Guidelines to delineate this effect are given

NASTRAN thermal analyzer status, experience, and new developments

The unique finite element based NASTRAN Thermal Analyzer originally developed as a general purpose heat transfer analysis incorporated into the NASTRAN system is described. The current status, experiences from field applications, and new developments are included

Trends in quality-adjusted skill premia in the United States, 1960-2000

This paper presents new evidence that increases in college enrollment lead to a decline in the average quality of college graduates between 1960 and 2000, resulting in a decrease of 8 percentage points in the college premium. The standard demand and supply framework (Katz and Murphy, 1992, Card and Lemieux, 2001) can qualitatively account for the trend in the college and age premia over this period, but the quantitative adjustments that need to be made to account for changes in quality are substantial. Furthermore, the standard interpretation of the supply effect can be misleading if the quality of college workers is not controlled for. To illustrate the importance of these adjustments, we reanalyze the problem studied in Card and Lemieux (2001), who observe that the rise in the college premium in the 1980s occurred mainly for young workers, and attribute this to the differential behavior of the supply of skill between the young and the old. Our results show that changes in quality are as important as changes in prices to explain the phenomenon they document

Glassy chondrule mesostasis in EET 96029: a CM3 component of a minimally altered CM2 carbonaceous chondrite

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