A Comparative Study On The Energy Policies In Japan And Malaysia In Fulfilling Their Nations Obligations Towards The Kyoto Protocol

Global warming and the associated changes in the world climate pattern have been accepted world wide as the gravest threat to humanity in the 20th century. To mitigate the impacts of global warming, the Kyoto Protocol was established in 1997 with the objective of reducing global greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission, in particular carbon dioxide (C02), by 5.2% below 1990 levels. Developed nations that ratified the Protocol are committed to GHG reduction targets while developing nations are encouraged to reduce GHG emissions on a voluntary basis

Energy Policy For Sustainable Development In Malaysia.

Energy is crucial to all aspects of development from powering manufacturing and modernization of agricultural sectors to providing electricity to run schools and health facilities, yet the impact of its production, distribution and use grows more severe with every decade

Palm Oil As Feed Stocks For Biodiesel Production Via Heterogeneous Transesterification: Optimization Study.

Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) prepared by transesterification process using heterogeneous catalyst has receive a lot of interest lately as a sustainable and reliable source of bio fuel. Apart from that, palm oil, being the worlds’ cheapest edible oil has the economical potential to become the source of FAME

Development of Novel Catalyst for the production of sio-Diesel from crude palm oil.

Production of biodiesel has become popular nowadays as a result of increasing demand for a clean, safe and renewable energy. Biodiesel is made from natural renewable sources such as vegetable oils and animal fats

Preparation And Characterization Of Absorbent Prepared From Coal Fly Ash For Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Removal.

Active absorbent for flue gas desulfurization was prepared from coal fly ash, calcium oxide and calcium sulfate by steam hydration. The absorbent was examined for its macro and micro-structural properties

Study Of Rice Husk Ash (RHA)-Based Sorbents For Simultaneous Removal Of Sulfur Dioxide (S02) And Nitrogen Oxides (Nox) From Flue Gas.

Adsorbents for dry-type flue gas desulfurization (FGD) were prepared from rice husk ash (RHA), calcium oxide and NaOH as additive by water hydration method. Two types of RHA were used in the experiment, one was obtained directly from the mill (black colored), and the other was obtained after pre-treatment of the black colored RHA with temperature at 600°C

Oil Palm Biomass As A Sustainable Energy Source: A Malaysian Case Study.

The latest scientific data confirmed that the earth's climate is rapidly changing. Therefore, it has been widely accepted worldwide that global warming is by far the greatest threat and challenge in the new millennium. The main factor that causes global warming is the release of greenhouse gases to the environment

Degrading Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals fromWastewater by TiO2 Photocatalysis: A Review

Widespread concerns continue to be raised about the impacts of exposure to chemical compounds with endocrine disrupting activities. To date, the percolation of endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) effluent into the aquatic system remains an intricate challenge abroad the nations. With the innovation of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), there has been a consistent growing interest in this research field. Hence, the aim of this paper is to focus one such method within the AOPs, namely, heterogeneous photocatalysis and how it is used on the abatement of EDCs, phthalates, bisphenol A and chlorophenols in particular, using TiO2-based catalysts. Degradation mechanisms, pathways, and intermediate products of various EDCs for TiO2 photocatalysis are described in detail. The effect of key operational parameters on TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of various EDCs is then specifically covered. Finally, the future prospects together with the challenges for the TiO2 photocatalysis on EDCs degradation are summarized and discussed

Production of Third Generation Bioethanol via Hydrolysis of Macroalgae (Seaweed) Using Heterogeneous Catalyst

The efficacy of red macroalgae Eucheuma cottonii (EC) as feedstock for third-generation bioethanol production was evaluated. Dowex (TM) Dr-G8 was explored as a potential solid catalyst to hydrolyzed carbohydrates from EC or macroalgae extract (ME) and pretreatment of macroalgae cellulosic residue (MCR), to fermentable sugars prior to fermentation process. The highest total sugars were produced at 98.7 g/L when 16% of the ME was treated under the optimum conditions of solid acid hydrolysis (8% (w/v) Dowex (TM) Dr-G8. 120 "C, 1 h) and 2% pretreated MCR (P-MCR) treated by enzymatic hydrolysis (pH 4.8. 50 ®C, 30 h). Atwo-stream process resulted in 11.6 g/L of bioethanol from the fermentation of ME hydrolysates and 11.7 g/L from prehydrolysis and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of P-MCR. The fixed price of bioethanol obtained from the EC is competitive with that obtained from other feedstocks