246,336 research outputs found
Pattern formation of quantum jumps with Rydberg atoms
We study the nonequilibrium dynamics of quantum jumps in a one-dimensional chain of atoms. Each atom is driven on a strong transition to a short-lived state and on a weak transition to a metastable state. We choose the metastable state to be a Rydberg state so that when an atom jumps to the Rydberg state, it inhibits or enhances jumps in the neighboring atoms. This leads to rich spatiotemporal dynamics that are visible in the fluorescence of the strong transition. It also allows one to dissipatively prepare Rydberg crystals
Comparative Aspects of Mating Behavior Patterns in Six Species of Stink Bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)
Mating sequences were analyzed for six species of stink bugs using video- tapes. The results consisted of qualitative descriptions of the precopulatory activities of the pairs and quantitative analyses of the number and direction of mating sequences, including the latency to and duration of copulatory lock. It was possible to quantitatively characterize each of the six species tested. In addition, certain infrequent behavior patterns, e.g., head butts, were observed for some species and not others. The results extend the previous information on mating activities in stink bugs, particularly for Euschistus. We interpret our findings with regard to reproductive strategies in different species of stink bugs, and consider the use of behavior as a taxonomic tool
Development and application of a unified balancing approach with multiple constraints
The development of a general analytic approach to constrained balancing that is consistent with past influence coefficient methods is described. The approach uses Lagrange multipliers to impose orbit and/or weight constraints; these constraints are combined with the least squares minimization process to provide a set of coupled equations that result in a single solution form for determining correction weights. Proper selection of constraints results in the capability to: (1) balance higher speeds without disturbing previously balanced modes, thru the use of modal trial weight sets; (2) balance off-critical speeds; and (3) balance decoupled modes by use of a single balance plane. If no constraints are imposed, this solution form reduces to the general weighted least squares influence coefficient method. A test facility used to examine the use of the general constrained balancing procedure and application of modal trial weight ratios is also described
Chemical Differences between K and Na in Alkali Cobaltates
KCoO shares many similarities with NaCoO, as well as some
important differences (no hydration-induced superconductivity has been
reported). At =20 K, KCoO becomes an insulator with a tiny
optical gap as happens in NaCoO at 52 K. This similarity, with a
known common structure, enables direct comparisons to be made. Using the
K-zigzag structure recently reported and the local density approximation, we
compare and contrast these cobaltates at x=0.5. Although the electronic
structures are quite similar as expected, substantial differences are observed
near the Fermi level. These differences are found to be attributable mostly to
the chemical, rather than structural difference: although Na is normally
considered to be fully ion, K has somewhat more highly ionic character than
does Na in these cobaltates.Comment: 5 paper
Installation effects of long-duct pylon-mounted nacelles on a twin-jet transport model with swept supercritical wing
The installation interference effects of an underwing-mounted, long duct, turbofan nacelle were evaluated in the Langley 16-Foot Transonic Tunnel with two different pylon shapes installed on a twin engine transport model having a supercritical wing swept 30 deg. Wing, pylon, and nacelle pressures and overall model force data were obtained at Mach numbers from 0.70 to 0.83 and nominal angles of attack from -2 deg to 4 deg at an average unit Reynolds number of 11.9 x 1,000,000 per meter. The results show that adding the long duct nacelles to the supercritical wing, in the near sonic flow field, changed the magnitude and direction of flow velocities over the entire span, significantly reduced cruise lift, and caused large interference drag on the nacelle afterbody
Determination of electron-nucleus collision geometry with forward neutrons
There are a large number of physics programs one can explore in
electron-nucleus collisions at a future electron-ion collider. Collision
geometry is very important in these studies, while the measurement for an
event-by-event geometric control is rarely discussed in the prior deep
inelastic scattering experiments off a nucleus. This paper seeks to provide
some detailed studies on the potential of tagging collision geometries through
forward neutron multiplicity measurements with a zero degree calorimeter. This
type of geometry handle, if achieved, can be extremely beneficial in
constraining nuclear effects for the electron-nucleus program at an
electron-ion collider
Short-Run Independence of Monetary Policy Under Pegged Exchange Rates and Effects of Money on Exchange Rates and Interest Rates
Economists generally assert that countries sacrifice monetary independence when they peg their exchange rates. At the same time, central bankers frequently assert that pegging an exchange rate does not eliminate the independence of monetary policy. This paper examines the effects of money-supply changes on exchange rates, interest rates, and production in an optimizing two-country model in which some sectors of the economy have predetermined nominal prices in the short run and other sectors have flexible prices. Money-supply shocks have liquidity effects both within and across countries and induce a cross-country real-interest differential. The model predicts that liquidity effects are highly non-linear and are not likely to be captured well empirically by linear models, particularly those involving only a single country. The most striking implication of the model is that countries have a degree of short-run independence of monetary policy even under pegged exchange rates.
A computer program for thermal radiation from gaseous rocket exhuast plumes (GASRAD)
A computer code is presented for predicting incident thermal radiation from defined plume gas properties in either axisymmetric or cylindrical coordinate systems. The radiation model is a statistical band model for exponential line strength distribution with Lorentz/Doppler line shapes for 5 gaseous species (H2O, CO2, CO, HCl and HF) and an appoximate (non-scattering) treatment of carbon particles. The Curtis-Godson approximation is used for inhomogeneous gases, but a subroutine is available for using Young's intuitive derivative method for H2O with Lorentz line shape and exponentially-tailed-inverse line strength distribution. The geometry model provides integration over a hemisphere with up to 6 individually oriented identical axisymmetric plumes, a single 3-D plume, Shading surfaces may be used in any of 7 shapes, and a conical limit may be defined for the plume to set individual line-of-signt limits. Intermediate coordinate systems may specified to simplify input of plumes and shading surfaces
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