Josians Empire Building: Female Saracen Body and Matrilineage in Bevis of Hampton

Josian, the heroine of the Middle English romance Bevis of Hampton, seemingly conforms to patriarchal expectations, effectively aiding the hero Bevis in expanding his territory and securing his lineage. Yet, while supporting Bevis as a faithful lover, Josian is permitted to exhibit remarkable agency by performing her femininity and Saracenness. Her body produced through these performances ultimately complicates Beviss patrilineal expansionist endeavor and forms a matrilineal empire. This paper, focusing on Josian, aims to explore male anxiety about the female body and illuminate the possibility of matrilineage in Bevis of Hampton by examining the text alongside a contemporary gynecological text, De secretis mulierum, as well as two other fourteenthcentury romances featuring conversion narratives—The King of Tars and Geoffrey Chaucers Man of Laws Tale. The intertextual reading between them elucidates how Josian circumvents fourteenth-century devices of controlling female body and patrilineal inheritance. Her somatic performance of femininity renders the truth about her virginal/pregnant body impenetrable to all, even to Bevis and the audience of the text, while her status as the heroine of conversion narrative allows her to pass her Saracen identity to her two sons. These sons, who play crucial parts in Beviss territorial expansion, are manifested more evidently as Josians heirs; consequently, the empire that emerges at the end of the narrative is Josians as well as—and more than—Beviss

THE EFFECT OF KNEE FATIGUE ON SHOCK ABSORPTION DURING CUTTING MOVEMENT AFTER JUMP-LANDING

This study aimed to investigate the effect of knee fatigue on shock absorption during cutting movements after jump-landings. Twenty-four healthy subjects performed cutting movements following jump-landings from 40 cm height, and Pre, Post-SO%, and Post- 30% of their pre-test measured maximum toque, used by isokinetic flexion/extension of the knee. Results showed that Post 30% fatigue were associated with decreased ROM of the knee, increased ROM of the ankle, decreased load rate, increased knee stiffness, decreased peak power of the knee, decreased work of the knee, and increased work of the ankle. We suggest that the post-30% fatigue appears to be the threshold to quantify the fatigue level. This study indicate that increases in fatigue modify the strategy shock absorption from knee to ankle in cutting movements following jump landings

TURNING CHARACTERISTICS IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON'S DISEASE DURING TIMED UP AND GO

This study aimed to investigate turning characteristics of patients with PD, using 3D analysis during the TUG test, to examine associations with the severity of PD. A total of 30 individuals performed the TUG test 10 patients with Hoehn and Yarh stages 2.5 and 3.0 PD (group I), 10 patients with H&Y stage 2.0 PD (group II), and 10 healthy elderly controls. Walking speed; step length; ROM of the hip, knee, and shoulder joint; foot clearance height; were significantly different between PD patients and controls. Step length and foot clearance height were significantly different between group I and group II. In conclusion, the TUG test may be a useful task for identifying turning characteristics of the severity of PO and to differentiate between PO patients and controls

Online Language Learning in Participatory Culture: Digital Pedagogy Practices in the Post-Pandemic Era

The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically accelerated the digitalisation of education around the world in a short period of time, which presented a unique opportunity for language teachers and policy makers to reconsider assumptions about language learning in higher education. Against this background, this study examines how digital pedagogy can enhance the experience of language learning in online settings in the post-pandemic era by drawing on a case study of educational activities developed during the pandemic for foreign language modules at a UK university. In particular, this study delves into the different dimensions of participatory culture in relation to digital pedagogy practices for language teaching and learning by adopting an interdisciplinary approach. Ultimately, we argue that online language education should aid students, i.e., the Gen Z cohort, in acquiring and developing digital literacy, or the capacity to communicate effectively by creating a variety of online texts and interreacting and collaborating with other people by means of various digital technologies. Therefore, it has also been argued that language teachers need to play a role as facilitators who can foster interactive, participatory environments to help students to develop student-centred, sustaining learning communities

Optical Spectroscopy of Supernova Remnants in M81 and M82

We present spectroscopy of 28 SNR candidates as well as one H II region in M81, and two SNR candidates in M82. Twenty six out of the M81 candidates turn out to be genuine SNRs, and two in M82 may be shocked condensations in the galactic outflow or SNRs. The distribution of [N II]/H{\alpha} ratios of M81 SNRs is bimodal. M81 SNRs are divided into two groups in the spectral line ratio diagrams: an [O III]-strong group and an [O III]-weak group. The latter have larger sizes, and may have faster shock velocity. [N II]/H{\alpha} ratios of the SNRs show a strong correlation with [S II]/H{\alpha} ratios. They show a clear radial gradient in [N II]/H{\alpha} and [S II]/H{\alpha} ratios: dLog ([N II]/H{\alpha})/dLog R = -0.018 {\pm} 0.008 dex/kpc and dLog ([S II]/H{\alpha})/dLog R = -0.016 {\pm} 0.008 dex/kpc where R is a deprojected galactocentric distance. We estimate the nitrogen and oxygen abundance of the SNRs from the comparison with shock-ionization models. We obtain a value for the nitrogen radial gradient, dLog(N/H)/dLogR = -0.023 {\pm} 0.009 dex/kpc, and little evidence for the gradient in oxygen. This nitrogen abundance shows a few times flatter gradient than those of the planetary nebulae and H II regions. We find that five SNRs are matched with X-ray sources. Their X-ray hardness colors are consistent with thermal SNRs.Comment: 19 pages, 24 figures, 5 tables, ApJ accepte

To the Edge of M87 and Beyond: Spectroscopy of Intracluster Globular Clusters and Ultra Compact Dwarfs in the Virgo Cluster

We present the results from a wide-field spectroscopic survey of globular clusters (GCs) in the Virgo Cluster. We obtain spectra for 201 GCs and 55 ultracompact dwarfs (UCDs) using the Hectospec on the Multiple Mirror Telescope, and derive their radial velocities. We identify 46 genuine intracluster GCs (IGCs), not associated with any Virgo galaxies, using the 3D GMM test on the spatial and radial velocity distribution.They are located at the projected distance 200 kpc $\lesssim$ R $\lesssim$ 500 kpc from the center of M87. The radial velocity distribution of these IGCs shows two peaks, one at $v_{\rm r}$ = 1023 km s$^{-1}$ associated with the Virgo main body, and another at $v_{\rm r}$ = 36 km s$^{-1}$ associated with the infalling structure. The velocity dispersion of the IGCs in the Virgo main body is $\sigma_{\rm{GC}} \sim$ 314 km s$^{-1}$, which is smoothly connected to the velocity dispersion profile of M87 GCs, but much lower than that of dwarf galaxies in the same survey field, $\sigma_{\rm{dwarf}} \sim$ 608 km s$^{-1}$. The UCDs are more centrally concentrated on massive galaxies, M87, M86, and M84. The radial velocity dispersion of the UCD system is much smaller than that of dwarf galaxies. Our results confirm the large-scale distribution of Virgo IGCs indicated by previous photometric surveys. The color distribution of the confirmed IGCs shows a bimodality similar to that of M87 GCs. This indicates that most IGCs are stripped off from dwarf galaxies and some from massive galaxies in the Virgo.Comment: 19 pages, 20 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in Ap

Diagnostic Performance of Core Needle Biopsy and Fine Needle Aspiration Separately or Together in the Diagnosis of Intrathoracic Lesions Under C-arm Guidance

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) of intrathoracic lesions using the same coaxial guide-needle under a C-arm Cone-Beam computed tomography system. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and eighty-eight patients (181 male, 107 female; 65.8 ± 13.3 years) with 293 lesions underwent 300 procedures, in which both FNA and CNB were performed. After inserting the coaxial guide-needle into the target lesion, we performed 18-gauge CNB, followed by 20-gauge FNA through the same coaxial guide-needle. The comparison of the procedures in which both showed adequate sample was performed with McNemar’s test (n = 229). Results: Of 300 procedures, 293 were technically successful. Adequate samples were obtained in 248/300 FNA and 288/300 CNB cases. The sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of malignancy were respectively 84.7% (133/157), 100% (72/72) for FNA, when atypical cells included benign entity; 97.5% (153/157), 100% (72/72) for FNA, when atypical cells included malignancy; 97.6% (162/166), 100% (102/102) for CNB; and 100% (166/166), 100% (102/102) for combined FNA and CNB. Diagnosis of malignancy was significantly higher for CNB than for FNA ('p' < 0.001); however, it was not significantly higher when atypical cells included malignancy for FNA. Pneumothorax occurred in 50 (16.7%) and hemoptysis in 18 (6.0%) procedures. Conclusions: Combined use of CNB and FNA using the same coaxial guide-needle showed better diagnostic performance than using one alone. When comparing CNB and FNA, CNB showed significantly better performance, when atypical cells included a benign entity in FNA