Properties of CC-normal operators (Research on preserver problems on Banach algebras and related topics)

We study various properties of $C$-normal operators, i.e., $T*T$ = $CTT*C$ holds for a conjugation $C$ on $H$. Especially, we show that $T$ − λ$I$ is $C$-normal for all λ ∈ ℂ if and only if $T$ is a complex symmetric operator with the conjugation $C$. In addition, we prove that if $T$ is $C$-normal, then $T$ is normal ⇔ $T$ is quasinormal ⇔ $T$ is hyponormal ⇔ $T$ is $p$-hyponormal for 0 < $p$ ≤ 1. Finally, we investigate equivalent conditions so that Aluthge and Duggal transforms of $C$-normal operators to be $C$-normal operators

Development of Indexes for the Performance Evaluation of e-SCM

Web-based sharing of information across the supply chain can bring a host of advantages to the trading partners. lower cost, leaner inventories, and more efficient shipping are just the beginning. eSCM is technology-enabled ability to concurrently manage high levels of complexity and multiple external relationships. This study presents that the development of indexes for the performance evaluation of e-SCM should be given more priority by companies giving weights to each index. Deductive research is used for the development of evaluation items and AHP method for the development of weights of the items. According to priority of each category - relationship between supplier and company, relationship between partner and company and relationship between customer and company- is as follows; Company driven type: relationship between customer and company, relationship between supplier and company, relationship between partner and company. Market portal type: relationship between supplier and company, relationship between customer and company, relationship between partner and company

Proteome-Level Responses of Escherichia coli to Long-Chain Fatty Acids and Use of Fatty Acid Inducible Promoter in Protein Production

In Escherichia coli, a long-chain acyl-CoA is a regulatory signal that modulates gene expression through its binding to a transcription factor FadR. In this study, comparative proteomic analysis of E. coli in the presence of glucose and oleic acid was performed to understand cell physiology in response to oleic acid. Among total of 52 proteins showing altered expression levels with oleic acid presence, 9 proteins including AldA, Cdd, FadA, FadB, FadL, MalE, RbsB, Udp, and YccU were newly synthesized. Among the genes that were induced by oleic acid, the promoter of the aldA gene was used for the production of a green fluorescent protein (GFP). Analysis of fluorescence intensities and confocal microscopic images revealed that soluble GFP was highly expressed under the control of the aldA promoter. These results suggest that proteomics is playing an important role not only in biological research but also in various biotechnological applications

Transcriptome and proteome analyses of adaptive responses to methyl methanesulfonate in Escherichia coli K-12 and ada mutant strains

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The Ada-dependent adaptive response system in <it>Escherichia coli </it>is important for increasing resistance to alkylation damage. However, the global transcriptional and translational changes during this response have not been reported. Here we present time-dependent global gene and protein expression profiles following treatment with methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) in <it>E. coli </it>W3110 and its <it>ada </it>mutant strains.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Transcriptome profiling showed that 1138 and 2177 genes were differentially expressed in response to MMS treatment in the wild-type and mutant strains, respectively. A total of 81 protein spots representing 76 nonredundant proteins differentially expressed were identified using 2-DE and LC-MS/MS. In the wild-type strain, many genes were differentially expressed upon long-exposure to MMS, due to both adaptive responses and stationary phase responses. In the <it>ada </it>mutant strain, the genes involved in DNA replication, recombination, modification and repair were up-regulated 0.5 h after MMS treatment, indicating its connection to the SOS and other DNA repair systems. Interestingly, expression of the genes involved in flagellar biosynthesis, chemotaxis, and two-component regulatory systems related to drug or antibiotic resistance, was found to be controlled by Ada.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results show in detail the regulatory components and pathways controlling adaptive response and how the related genes including the Ada regulon are expressed with this response.</p

Keeping Customers Shopping in the Store: Interrelationships among Store Attributes, Shopping Enjoyment, Place Attachment, and Store Loyalty

With consumers shifting to Internet and mobile shopping, the demand for brick and mortar store shopping has decreased and in response, several major U.S. retail chains have downsized the number of their physical retail operations (Farfan, 2013). Yet, retailers have not completely said good bye to stores. Indeed there may be several key store attributes that retailers’ can focus on and continue to develop if they are interested in keeping customers shopping and buying in brick and mortar stores

Effect of GCSB-5, a Herbal Formulation, on Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats

Therapeutic effects of GCSB-5 on osteoarthritis were measured by the amount of glycosaminoglycan in rabbit articular cartilage explants in vitro, in experimental osteoarthritis induced by intra-articular injection of monoiodoacetate in rats in vivo. GCSB-5 was orally administered for 28 days. In vitro, GCSB-5 inhibited proteoglycan degradation. GCSB-5 significantly suppressed the histological changes in monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, as well as, the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase protein, and mRNA expressions were attenuated by GCSB-5, whereas the level of interleukin-10 was potentiated. By GCSB-5, the level of nuclear factor-κB p65 protein expression was significantly attenuated but, on the other hand, the level of inhibitor of κB-α protein expression was increased. These results indicate that GCSB-5 is a potential therapeutic agent for the protection of articular cartilage against progression of osteoarthritis through inhibition of MMPs activity, inflammatory mediators, and NF-κB activation