106,042 research outputs found
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Cancer Niche as a Garbage Disposal Machine: Implications of TCM-Mediated Balance of Body-Disease for Treatment of Cancer.
Cancer epidemic led to worldwide to search for a new "game changer" concept to govern cancer research and cancer treatment. Western medicine-based cancer research has been extending the impasse without resolution in sigh for improving survival of patients with solid malignant tumors in the last four decades due to heterogeneity in cancer tissues. Such a deadlock charts a course to learn lessons from the developing countries, directly or indirectly to complement the exhausted Western medicine. We propose a new concept of "Cancer niche as a garbage disposal machine" with implications of traditional Chinese medicine-mediated restoration of normal balance between body and disease to bring the fight against cancer under control
The origin of scale-scale correlations of the density perturbations during inflation
We show that scale-scale correlations are a generic feature of slow-roll
inflation theories. These correlations result from the long-time tails
characteristic of the time dependent correlations because the long wavelength
density perturbation modes are diffusion-like. A relationship between the
scale-scale correlations and time-correlations is established providing a way
to reveal the time correlations of the perturbations during inflation. This
mechanism provides for a testable prediction that the scale-scale correlations
at two different spatial points will vanish.Comment: Accepted for publication, International Journal of Modern Physics,
vol. 8 No.6 (Dec 1999
Nonequilibrium noise correlations in a point contact of helical edge states
We investigate theoretically the nonequilibrium finite-frequency current
noise in a four-terminal quantum point contact of interacting helical edge
states at a finite bias voltage. Special focus is put on the effects of the
single-particle and two-particle scattering between the two helical edge states
on the fractional charge quasiparticle excitations shown in the nonequilibrium
current noise spectra. Via the Keldysh perturbative approach, we find that the
effects of the single-particle and the two-particle scattering processes on the
current noise depend sensitively on the Luttinger liquid parameter. Moreover,
the Fano factors for the auto- and cross correlations of the currents in the
terminals are distinct from the ones for tunneling between the chiral edge
states in the quantum Hall liquid. The current noise spectra in the
single-particle-scattering-dominated and the two-particle-scattering-dominated
regime are shown. Experimental implications of our results on the transport
through the helical edges in two-dimensional topological insulators are
discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
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Depression, antidepressants and driving safety.
BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to review to review the reported associations of depression and antidepressants with motor vehicle crashes.PurposeA literature search for material published in the English language between January, 1995, and October, 2015, in bibliographic databases was combined with a search for other relevant material referenced in the retrieved articles.MethodsRetrieved articles were systematically reviewed for inclusion criteria: 19 epidemiological studies (17 case-control and 2 cohort studies) fulfilled the inclusion criteria by estimating the crash risk associated with depression and/or psychotropic medications in naturalistic settings.ResultsThe estimates of the odds ratio (OR) of crash involvement associated with depression ranged from 1.78 to 3.99. All classes of antidepressants were reported to have side effects with the potential to affect driving safety. The majority of studies of antidepressant effects on driving reported an elevated crash risk, and ORs ranged from 1.19 to 2.03 for all crashes, and 3.19 for fatal crashes. In meta-analysis, depression was associated with approximately 2-fold increased crash risk (summary OR = 1.90; 95% CI, 1.06 to 3.39), and antidepressants were associated with approximately 40% increased crash risk (summary OR = 1.40; 95%CI, 1.18 to 1.66).ConclusionBased on the findings of the studies reviewed, depression, antidepressants or the combination of depression and antidepressants may pose a potential hazard to driving safety. More research is needed to understand the individual contributions of depression and the medications used to treat depression
Rate of Convergence in Nonlinear Hartree Dynamics with Factorized Initial Data
The mean field dynamics of an -particle weekly interacting Boson system
can be described by the nonlinear Hartree equation. In this paper, we present
estimates on the 1/N rate of convergence of many-body Schr\"{o}dinger dynamics
to the one-body nonlinear Hartree dynamics with factorized initial data with
two-body interaction potential in .Comment: AMS LaTex, 21 page
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Prompting Fab Yeast Surface Display Efficiency by ER Retention and Molecular Chaperon Co-expression.
For antibody discovery and engineering, yeast surface display (YSD) of antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) and coupled fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) provide intact paratopic conformations and quantitative analysis at the monoclonal level, and thus holding great promises for numerous applications. Using anti-TNFα mAbs Infliximab, Adalimumab, and its variants as model Fabs, this study systematically characterized complementary approaches for the optimization of Fab YSD. Results suggested that by using divergent promoter GAL1-GAL10 and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal peptides for co-expression of light chain and heavy chain-Aga2 fusion, assembled Fabs were functionally displayed on yeast cell surface with sigmoidal binding responses toward TNFα. Co-expression of a Hsp70 family molecular chaperone Kar2p and/or protein-disulfide isomerase (Pdi1p) significantly improved efficiency of functional display (defined as the ratio of cells displaying functional Fab over cells displaying assembled Fab). Moreover, fusing ER retention sequences (ERSs) with light chain also enhanced Fab display quality at the expense of display quantity, and the degree of improvements was correlated with the strength of ERSs and was more significant for Infliximab than Adalimumab. The feasibility of affinity maturation was further demonstrated by isolating a high affinity Fab clone from 1:103 or 1:105 spiked libraries
Dissipationless Anomalous Hall Current in the Ferromagnetic Spinel CuCrSeBr
In a ferromagnet, an applied electric field invariably produces an
anomalous Hall current that flows perpendicular to the plane
defined by and (the magnetization). For decades, the question
whether is dissipationless (independent of the scattering rate),
has been keenly debated without experimental resolution. In the ferromagnetic
spinel CuCrSeBr, the resistivity (at low temperature)
may be increased 1000 fold by varying (Br), without degrading the .
We show that (normalized per carrier, at 5 K) remains unchanged
throughout. In addition to resolving the controversy experimentally, our
finding has strong bearing on the generation and study of spin-Hall currents in
bulk samples.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
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