1,699 research outputs found
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Phase Diagram and Crossover Phases of Topologically Ordered Graphene Zigzag Nanoribbons: Role of Localization Effects
We computed the phase diagram of the zigzag graphene nanoribbons as a
function of on-site repulsion, doping, and disorder strength. The topologically
ordered phase undergoes topological phase transitions into crossover phases,
which are new disordered phases with a nonuniversal topological entanglement
entropy with significant variance. The topological order is destroyed by
competition between localization effects and on-site repulsion. We found that
strong on-site repulsion and/or doping weakens the nonlocal correlations
between the opposite zigzag edges. In one of the crossover phases, both
fractional charges and spin-charge separation were absent;
however, charge-transfer correlations between the zigzag edges were possible.
Another crossover phase contains fractional charges, but no
charge transfer correlations. In low-doped zigzag ribbons the interplay between
electron localization and on-site repulsion contributes to the spatial
separation of quasi-degenerate gap-edge states and protects the charge
fractionalization against quantum fluctuations. In all these effects, mixed
chiral gap-edge states play an important role. The properties of nontopological
strongly disordered and strongly repulsive phases are also observed. Each phase
of the phase diagram has a different zigzag-edge structure
Effects of 12 weeks nutrition education on nutritional status in hemodialysis patients
Protein-energy malnutrition is present in a large proportion of patients with end stage renal disease and, is a strong risk factor for mortality in these patients. This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of 12-weeks nutrition education during the hemodialysis session for the improvement of nutritional status. From the June 2011 to the September 2011, patients who were on regular hemodialysis in Pusan National University Hospital were enrolled in this study. In education group, intensive nutrition education was performed by the hemodialysis nurse, for fifty to sixty minutes during the hemodialysis session, once a week. Curriculum for renal nutrition includes regular taking of their medication, intake of moderate amount of protein and sufficient calories, reduction of water, salt, potassium and phosphate intake. Otherwise, any education program was not performed in patients of control group. Nutrition status was assessed by the subjective global assessment (SGA),body mass index (BMI), triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), arm muscle area(AMC) and laboratory markers such as serum albumin, serum blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and hemoglobin(Hb) level before and after the education. Effect of nutrition education was analyzed using ANCOVA test. A total of 49 patients were enrolled in this study and nutrition education was provided to 25 hemodialysis patients. Their mean age was 57.20±15.49 in education group and 55.13±14.42 in control groupand male was 56.0% in education group and 50.0% in control group and, other baseline characteristics were not significantly different between two groups. After the 12-week education, significant improvement was found in SGA, serum albumin, BUN and Hb level. SGA score was improved from 6.36±0.99 to 6.72±0.61 in education group, compared to control group(6.38±0.88 to 6.42±0.88, p=0.029 ). Improvement of serum albumin level, BUN and Hb was as follows: serum albumin(4.23±0.28 to 4.30±0.25 in education group, 4.28±0.39 to 4.13±0.34 in control group, p=0.040), serum Hb(10.45±1.49 to 11.13±1.74 in education group, 10.51±1.12 to 10.04±1.02 in control group, P=0.004), serum BUN(66.52±18.76 to 70.94±17.26 in education group, 59.50±13.61 to 58.68±13.88 in control group, p=0.032). 12 week nutrition education during the hemodialysis session by hemodialysis nurse was effectiv
Application of Recycled Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticle to the Treatment of Wastewater Containing Nitrobenzene
Zero-valent iron (ZVI) was synthesized using iron oxide, a byproduct of pickling line at a steel work. ZVI with a mean particle size of 500 nm was synthesized. The reaction activity of the synthesized ZVI was much higher than commercial ZVI. When applied to the decomposition of nitrobenzene (NB), the ZVI particles underwent corrosion and passivation oxide film formation, resulting in particle size decrease. The NB decomposition rate increased with increasing ZVI dosage level and with decreasing pH. The solution pH increased monotonously with increasing reaction duration, whereas the aniline concentration showed a maximum at 50 min. Based on the GC/MS analysis, NB is presumed to be reduced into aniline via reductive intermediates such as azobenzene and azoxybenzene. When combined with a subsequent biological process, the synthesized ZVI will be able to decompose NB in wastewater effectively
Two-gap and paramagnetic pair-breaking effects on upper critical field of SmFeAsO and SmFeAsOF single crystals
We investigated the temperature dependence of the upper critical field
[] of fluorine-free SmFeAsO and fluorine-doped
SmFeAsOF single crystals by measuring the resistive transition
in low static magnetic fields and in pulsed fields up to 60 T. Both crystals
show that 's along the c axis [] and in an -planar
direction [] exhibit a linear and a sublinear increase,
respectively, with decreasing temperature below the superconducting transition.
's in both directions deviate from the conventional one-gap
Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg theoretical prediction at low temperatures. A
two-gap nature and the paramagnetic pair-breaking effect are shown to be
responsible for the temperature-dependent behavior of and
, respectively.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figure
Multi-Signal Reconstruction Using Masked Autoencoder From EEG During Polysomnography
Polysomnography (PSG) is an indispensable diagnostic tool in sleep medicine,
essential for identifying various sleep disorders. By capturing physiological
signals, including EEG, EOG, EMG, and cardiorespiratory metrics, PSG presents a
patient's sleep architecture. However, its dependency on complex equipment and
expertise confines its use to specialized clinical settings. Addressing these
limitations, our study aims to perform PSG by developing a system that requires
only a single EEG measurement. We propose a novel system capable of
reconstructing multi-signal PSG from a single-channel EEG based on a masked
autoencoder. The masked autoencoder was trained and evaluated using the
Sleep-EDF-20 dataset, with mean squared error as the metric for assessing the
similarity between original and reconstructed signals. The model demonstrated
proficiency in reconstructing multi-signal data. Our results present promise
for the development of more accessible and long-term sleep monitoring systems.
This suggests the expansion of PSG's applicability, enabling its use beyond the
confines of clinics.Comment: Proc. 12th IEEE International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer
Interfac
New Tubulocentric Insights for Diabetic Nephropathy: From Pathophysiology to Treatment
The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, and one of the most important complications, diabetic nephropathy, constitutes a significant global health care and socioeconomic burden. Glomerular dysfunction is a major factor in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. However, emerging evidence suggests that tubular damage also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. This tubulocentric view shifts the focus markedly from glomeruli to proximal tubules, which might have an important role as a trigger or a driver in the early development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. Accordingly, numerous studies have focused on several different tubular damage markers that are clinically indicated as potential biomarkers for the early detection of diabetic nephropathy. Furthermore, these findings are relevant for identifying therapeutics for diabetic nephropathy that target the proximal tubules. This review outlines new tubulocentric insights into diabetic nephropathy, from pathophysiological mechanisms to diagnostic and therapeutic approaches
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