インドネシアの家計消費に関するエッセイ : 個別世帯の視点にもとづくSDGs検証

広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(学術)Doctor of Philosophydoctora

The hexatic phase of the two-dimensional hard disks system

We report Monte Carlo results for the two-dimensional hard disk system in the transition region. Simulations were performed in the NVT ensemble with up to 1024^2 disks. The scaling behaviour of the positional and bond-orientational order parameter as well as the positional correlation length prove the existence of a hexatic phase as predicted by the Kosterlitz-Thouless-Halperin-Nelson-Young theory. The analysis of the pressure shows that this phase is outside a possible first-order transition.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures (minor changes

The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Paternal Depression from the Antenatal to the Postpartum period and the Relationships between Antenatal and Postpartum Depression among Fathers in Hong Kong

Introduction. Despite the fact that maternal perinatal mental health problems have been extensively studied and addressed to be a significant health problem, the literature on paternal perinatal mental health problems is relatively scarce. The present study aims at determining the prevalence of paternal perinatal depression and identifying the risk factors and the relationship between antenatal and postpartum depression. Methodology. 622 expectant fathers were recruited from regional maternal clinics. The expectant fathers were assessed using standardized and validated psychological instruments on 3 time points including early pregnancy, late pregnancy, and six weeks postpartum. Results. Results showed that a significant proportion of expectant fathers manifested depressive symptoms during the perinatal period. Paternal antenatal depression could significantly predict higher level of paternal postpartum depression. Psychosocial risk factors were consistently associated with paternal depression in different time points. Conclusions. The present study points to the need for greater research and clinical attention to paternal depression given that it is a highly prevalent problem and could be detrimental to their spouse and children development. The present findings contribute to theoretical basis of the prevalence and risk factors of paternal perinatal depression and have implications of the design of effective identification, prevention, and interventions of these clinical problems.published_or_final_versio

C2 piecewise cubic quasi-interpolants on a 6-direction mesh

We study two kinds of quasi-interpolants (abbr. QI) in the space of C2 piecewise cubics in the plane, or in a rectangular domain, endowed with the highly symmetric triangulation generated by a uniform 6-direction mesh. It has been proved recently that this space is generated by the integer translates of two multi-box splines. One kind of QIs is of differential type and the other of discrete type. As those QIs are exact on the space of cubic polynomials, their approximation order is 4 for sufficiently smooth functions. In addition, they exhibit nice superconvergent properties at some specific points. Moreover, the infinite norms of the discrete QIs being small, they give excellent approximations of a smooth function and of its first order partial derivatives. The approximation properties of the QIs are illustrated by numerical examples

Modeling Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Influences for Automatic Estimation of Therapist Empathy in Counseling Conversation

Counseling is usually conducted through spoken conversation between a therapist and a client. The empathy level of therapist is a key indicator of outcomes. Presuming that therapist's empathy expression is shaped by their past behavior and their perception of the client's behavior, we propose a model to estimate the therapist empathy by considering both intrapersonal and interpersonal influences. These dynamic influences are captured by applying an attention mechanism to the therapist turn and the historical turns of both therapist and client. Our findings suggest that the integration of dynamic influences enhances empathy level estimation. The influence-derived embedding should constitute a minor portion in the target turn representation for optimal empathy estimation. The client's turns (interpersonal influence) appear to slightly surpass the therapist's own turns (intrapersonal influence) in empathy estimation effectiveness. It is noted that concentrating exclusively on recent historical turns can significantly impact the estimation of therapist empathy

A Study on Prosodic Entrainment in Relation to Therapist Empathy in Counseling Conversation

Counseling is carried out as spoken conversation between a therapist and a client. The empathy level expressed by the therapist is considered an important index of the quality of counseling and often assessed by an observer or the client. This research investigates the entrainment of speech prosody in relation to subjectively rated empathy. Experimental results show that the entrainment of intensity is more influential to empathy observation than that of pitch or speech rate in client-therapist interaction. The observer and the client have different perceptions of therapist empathy with the same entrained phenomena in pitch and intensity. The client's intention to make adjustment on pitch variation and intensity of speech is considered an indicator of the client's perception of counseling quality.Comment: Accepted by INTERSPEECH 202

Comparison between Conduction and Convection Effects on Self-Heating in Doped Microcantilevers

The present study investigates the effects of thermal conduction and convection on self-heating temperatures and bimetallic deflections produced in doped microcantilever sensors. These cantilevers are commonly used as sensors and actuators in microsystems. The cantilever is a monolith, multi-layer structure with a thin U-shaped element inside. The cantilever substrate is made of silicon and silicon dioxide, respectively, and the element is p-doped silicon. A numerical analysis package (ANSYS) is used to study the effect of cantilever substrate material, element width, applied voltage and the operating environments on cantilever characteristics. The numerical results for temperature are compared against their analytical models. Results indicate the numerical results are accurate within 6% of analytical, and Si/Si cantilevers are more suitable for biosensors and AFM, whereas, Si/SiO2 are for hotplates and actuators applications

Hierarchical Attention Network for Evaluating Therapist Empathy in Counseling Session

Counseling typically takes the form of spoken conversation between a therapist and a client. The empathy level expressed by the therapist is considered to be an essential quality factor of counseling outcome. This paper proposes a hierarchical recurrent network combined with two-level attention mechanisms to determine the therapist's empathy level solely from the acoustic features of conversational speech in a counseling session. The experimental results show that the proposed model can achieve an accuracy of 72.1% in classifying the therapist's empathy level as being "high" or "low". It is found that the speech from both the therapist and the client are contributing to predicting the empathy level that is subjectively rated by an expert observer. By analyzing speaker turns assigned with high attention weights, it is observed that 2 to 6 consecutive turns should be considered together to provide useful clues for detecting empathy, and the observer tends to take the whole session into consideration when rating the therapist empathy, instead of relying on a few specific speaker turns.Comment: Submitted to INTERSPEECH 202

Enhanced heat capacity and a new temperature instability in superfluid He-4 in the presence of a constant heat flux near T-lambda

We present the first experimental evidence that the heat capacity of superfluid 4He, at temperatures very close to the lambda point Tλ, is enhanced by a constant heat flux Q. The heat capacity at constant Q, CQ, is predicted to diverge at a temperature Tc(Q)<Tλ at which superflow becomes unstable. In agreement with previous measurements, we find that dissipation enters our cell at a temperature, TDAS(Q), below the theoretical value, Tc(Q). We argue that TDAS(Q) can be accounted for by a temperature instability at the cell wall, and is therefore distinct from Tc(Q). The excess heat capacity we measure has the predicted scaling behavior as a function of T and Q, but it is much larger than predicted by current theory