In vitro Metabolism of Grandisin, a Lignan with Anti-chagasic Activity

Tetrahydrofuran lignans represent a well-known group of phenolic compounds capable of acting as antiparasitic agents. In the search for new medicines for the treatment of Chagas disease, one promising compound is grandisin which has shown significant activity on trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. In this work, the in vitro metabolism of grandisin was studied in the pig cecum model and by biomimetic phase I reactions, aiming at an ensuing a preclinical pharmacokinetic investigation. Although grandisin exhibited no metabolization by the pig microbiota, one putative metabolite was formed in a biomimetic model using Jacobsen catalyst. The putative metabolite was tested against T. cruzi revealing loss of activity in comparison to grandisin.FINEPFINEPFAPESPFAPESPCAPESCAPESCNPqCNP

Estimates of heritability for alometric condition factor from 90 to 330 days in curimbatá

1 PROBLEMA Em peixes, a relação entre o peso corporal e o comprimento total permite calcular o fator de condição, o qual determina seu grau de desenvolvimento. A amostra era constituída de 253peixes, oriundos de acasalamento hierárquico (5 fêmeas e 10 machos), criados até a idade de 150 dias em tanques rede, e posteriormente marcados (conforme a família) e criados em 3 viveiros de 100m2 até a idade de 330 dias, com uma alimentação constituída de uma ração com 30% de proteína bruta e 2300 kcal de energia metabolízável. A determinação da herdabilidade do fator de condição alométrico, com idades entre 90 e 330 dias, foi feito pelo modelo que incluiu as variáveis; reprodutoras e reprodutores dentro de reprodutoras. Os valores de herdabilidade calculados através de componentes de variância paterno, foram; 0,28 ± 0.20; 0,11 ± 0,16, 0.24 ± 0,22; 0.20 ± 0,19; 0,19 ± 0,19, nas idades de 90, 150, 210, 270 e 330 dias, respectivamente. Os valores encontrados sugerem que a seleção para esta característica nas várias idades, deve proporcionar um valor baixo para o ganho genético.    1 PROBLEMA The relation between body weight and body length can be used to calculate the condition factor in fish. This factor express the grade of development of the fish. A sample of 253 fish from a hierarchial mating (5 females and 10 males) were used. Fishes were kept in net cages until, 150 days of age, and then marked and transferred to three tanks of I00m2/each; where they stayed until 330 days of age. The fishes were fed with a 30% crude protein and 2800 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy ration. Heritabilities of the alometric condition factor, from ages 90 to 300 days, were estimated using a model including female and mate within female. Heritabilities calculated from sire components of variance were: 0,28 ± 0,20; 0,11 ± 0,16; 0,24 ± 0,22: 0.20 ±0,19: 0,19 ± 0,19. respectively to 90, 150, 210. 270 and 330 days of age. These values suggest a small expected genetic gain from selection for this trait.