Design of a fast cassette autoclaves for medical devices

Ensuring patient safety in healthcare necessitates the sterilization of medical devices. However, traditional autoclaves are impractical for certain medical settings due to their size, bulkiness, and time-consuming nature. To address this, a compact and portable alternative called a cassette autoclave was developed. This paper presents the design and manufacturing process of a high-speed cassette autoclave for medical devices. The autoclave features small dimensions, lightweight construction, and user-friendly operation. It achieves remarkable speed, sterilizing devices in approximately 3.5 minutes. Made of durable stainless steel, it includes a digital control panel for seamless management. Extensive testing and validation ensure compliance with sterilization standards. The results highlight the autoclave's effectiveness and safety, making a significant contribution to medical device sterilization

Orange Peel Essential Oil Nanoemulsions Supported by Nanosilver for Antibacterial Application

This study is devoted to the synthesis of King Orange peel essential oil in water nanoemulsions combined with nanosilver by ultrasonic method supported by mechanical stirring for antibacterial application. The samples were characterized by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Dynamic light scattering (DLS) methods. According to the above-experimental results, it was found that the emulsions based on orange essential oil (without nanosilver) and the ones combined with nanosilver have the average particle size from 66.2 nm and 42.9 nm, respectively. The obtained nanoemulsions were also tested to examine their antibacterial ability against Escherichia coli (E. coli) by the disc diffusion method. It has been also found that nanoemulsions based on orange essential oil supported by nanosilver have the superior antibacterial ability, compared with individual components of the materials

Bacterial infections in liver cirrhosis

Cirrhotic patients are highly susceptible to develop bacterial infections due to the typical immunocompromised state of the disease. Infections may influence the mortality rate because of their more severe forms than non-cirrhotic population as well as worsen the cirrhotic progression and complications. The predominant pathogens are Gram negative bacteria derived mainly from the intestinal flora but the incidence of Gram positive bacteria has been increasing recently due to the use of invasive procedures and antibiotic prophylaxis. The diagnosis of infections is clinically difficult due to their atypical manifestations in the early stages. Therefore, screening for early detection, effective treatment and appropriate prophylaxis are essential to improve the survival and prognosis of these patients.egységes, osztatlanáltalános orvosango

Wireless sensing modules for rural monitoring and precision agriculture applications

In this work, a new design of wireless sensing modules for the wireless sensor network was proposed and the specifications were tested (Received Signal Strength Indicator – RSSI, Packet Reception Ratio – PRR, Link Quality Indicator – LQI) in comparison with some commercial products. Indeed, we focus on the design of wireless sensing nodes and programming of the data transfer protocol for wireless sensing nodes (from the PHYSICAL layer to MAC layer) Experimental results show that the designed wireless sensing modules have the potential for real-world application with read-range (over 150 m), RSSI (bigger than –80 dBm), LQI (bigger than 108) and PRR (over 99%) in the range between 0 and 150 m

Future Changes in Hydro-Climatic Extremes across Vietnam: Evidence from a Semi-Distributed Hydrological Model Forced by Downscaled CMIP6 Climate Data

Flood hazards have led to substantial fatalities and economic loss in the last five decades, making it essential to understand flood dynamics in a warming climate. This study reports the first comprehensive assessment of projected flood hazards across Vietnam. We used downscaled climate data from the CMIP6 initiative, involving a total of 20 climate models, and streamflow projection simulated using a semi-distributed hydrological model. The assessment covers seven near-natural catchments, each representing a climate zone of the country. To evaluate climate change impacts on floods, the study simultaneously analyzes changes in three indices: (i) the annual hottest day temperature, to represent temperature extremes; (ii) the maximum daily rainfall amount, to represent rainfall extremes; and (iii) the discharge value exceeding 5% in a year, to assess streamflow extremes. Changes in the selected indices (relative to the reference period from 1985 to 2014) are assessed under four emission scenarios (SSP1–2.6, SSP2–4.5, SSP3–7.0, and SSP5–8.5) and two future time slices (2036–2065 and 2070–2099). Although the robustness (as indicated by multi-model agreement) and significance (identified through the statistical test) of the changes vary substantially, depending on the selected indices and assessed time slices, an overall increase is consistently identified across all of the assessed hydro-climatic extremes (up to 4.8 °C for temperature extremes, 43 mm for rainfall extremes, and 31% for streamflow extremes). The findings suggest a potential increase in flood risk across Vietnam in a warming climate, highlighting the urgent need for improved flood preparedness and investment to reduce economic loss and mortality in an uncertain future

The High Re-Ulceration Rate in Lower Extremity Amputation Intervention in Type 2 Diabetic Vietnamese Patients After 24-Month Follow-Up at Cho Ray Hospital, Vietnam

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a prevalent and severe disease with vascular and/or neurological complications, and if not diagnosed and treated promptly, it may rapidly deteriorate. Despite amputation or nonamputation treatment, there is still a high rate of re-ulceration. Previous studies have shown that the recurrence rate varies from 43% to 59% after 2 years. Currently, there is still a high rate of lower extremity amputation intervention, particularly above-the-ankle amputation, at Cho Ray Hospital in Vietnam, reaching 50%. The effectiveness of this intervention in the long term based on re-ulceration has not been evaluated in Vietnamese diabetic patients (DPs). This study aims to describe the long-term outcomes of amputation intervention in Type 2 DPs after 24 months and identify factors related to DFU recurrence in order to improve DFU management in low-middle-income countries like Vietnam. From January to June 2022, archived clinical and direct visit or phone follow-up data were collected and analyzed from diabetic foot ulcer patients with low extremity amputation who were treated at Cho Ray hospital from 2018 to 2020. The high re-ulceration rate in the 24th month was 29.8% (17/57), and the factor related to this outcome was “late diagnosis and care” (32.4 days vs 26.9 days with P  = .03). Other potential factors (higher rates but no significant statistical difference with P  > .05) included failure of HbA1c control greater than 9% (82.5% vs 67.5%), the severity of foot ulcers with TEXAS 3B (82% vs 60%), the number of years having diabetes (8.7 years vs 6.7 years), loss of monofilament sensation (82.5% vs 70.6%), and a history of diabetic foot ulcer (17.6% vs 10%). The re-ulceration after 24 months might depend on various clinical factors. Therefore, early diagnosis and care for diabetic foot ulcers could help reduce amputation rates and the risk of re-ulceration

Understanding adsorption of divalent metals ions (Mg, Ca) on Nitrogen-, Boron- doped, and defective graphene in nanofiltration process using van der Waals density functional method

Removal of divalent metal ions (Mg and Ca) by graphene membrane has a great implication for manufacturing chitin and chitosan in filtration process. Despite its importance, influences of the doping and vacancy in graphene on the adsorption of those metal ions remain unclear. Here, we study the adsorption of those metal ions on several graphene surfaces, namely pristine graphene (Gra), graphitic N- and B- doped graphene (N- and B-Gra), monovacancy graphene (MV-Gra), monovacancy graphene functionalized by an epoxy (O-MV-Gra), and monovacancy graphene functionalized by an hydroxyl group (OH-MV-Gra) by van der Waals density functional (vdW-DF) method. It was found all considered graphene surfaces have strong interactions with Ca, whereas Mg only chemisorbs on MV-Gra and B-Gra. Energetically, comparing with Ca adosprtion on pristine graphene, both B doping and vacancy creation strengthen the Ca adsorption, while N doping slight decreases it. The electronic structure analysis uncovers enhancement of the Cagraphene interaction by B doping and vacancy formation. Because of the results that have been observed, the removal of Ca ions from aqueous solution can be enhanced by the creation of nanopore or B doping in graphene, in which Ca atom are strongly captured by graphene