The polarized expression of Na+,K+-ATPase in epithelia depends on the association between beta-subunits located in neighboring cells

The polarized distribution of Na+,K+-ATPase plays a paramount physiological role, because either directly or through coupling with co- and countertransporters, it is responsible for the net movement of, for example, glucose, amino acids, Ca2+, K+, Cl-, and CO3H- across the whole epithelium. We report here that the beta-subunit is a key factor in the polarized distribution of this enzyme. 1) Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells (epithelial from dog kidney) express the Na+,K+-ATPase over the lateral side, but not on the basal and apical domains, as if the contact with a neighboring cell were crucial for the specific membrane location of this enzyme. 2) MDCK cells cocultured with other epithelial types (derived from human, cat, dog, pig, monkey, rabbit, mouse, hamster, and rat) express the enzyme in all (100%) homotypic MDCK/MDCK borders but rarely in heterotypic ones. 3) Although MDCK cells never express Na+,K+-ATPase at contacts with Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, they do when CHO cells are transfected with beta(1)-subunit from the dog kidney (CHO-beta). 4) This may be attributed to the adhesive property of the beta(1)-subunit, because an aggregation assay using CHO (mock-transfected) and CHO-beta cells shows that the expression of dog beta(1)-subunit in the plasma membrane does increase adhesiveness. 5) This adhesiveness does not involve adherens or tight junctions. 6) Transfection of beta(1)-subunit forces CHO-beta cells to coexpress endogenous a-subunit. Together, our results indicate that MDCK cells express Na+,K+-ATPase at a given border provided the contacting cell expresses the dog P,-subunit. The cell-cell interaction thus established would suffice to account for the polarized expression and positioning of Na+,K+-ATPase in epithelial cells

Total serum cholesterol levels and suicide attempts in child and adolescent psychiatric inpatients

Associations between cholesterol and suicidal behavior in adolescent patients have not been explored in depth. In this study, 66 patients consecutively admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit following attempted suicide were compared with a control group of 54 patients with no history of suicide attempts. The age range of the sample was from 8 to 18 years old. Cholesterol levels were significantly lower in attempted suicide patients than in controls (p < 0.02), supporting the hypothesis that lower cholesterol levels might be associated with suicidal behavior in patients with similar acute phase of their disorder

Adenocarcinoma in Caroli's Disease Treated by Liver Transplantation

Caroli's disease is characterized by congenital cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. In 7% of casea a malignant tumor develops complicating the course of the disease

Influencia de la micronización y el origen de la harina de soja en los redimientos productivos en lechones destetados

La harina de soja (HS) es la fuente de proteína de elección en dietas para cerdos. La HS contiene diversos factores anti nutricionales (FAN), tales como los inhibidores de tripsina (IT; Huisman y Jansman, 1991) y los oligosacáridos (Clarke y Wiseman, 2005) que afectan al crecimiento y limitan los niveles de inclusión en dietas para lechones. El procesado térmico del haba y su composición (De Coca Sinova et al., 2008) afectan al contenido de nutrientes así como la respuesta de los animales a su inclusión en piensos. Morgan et al. (1984) y Dilger et al. (2004) han demostrado que un aumento en el contenido de fibra bruta de la dieta o de la HS utilizada disminuye la digestibilidad de los nutrientes en monogástricos y De Coca et al. (2008) observaron una relación lineal entre el contenido de proteína bruta (PB) y la digestibilidad de los aminoácidos en HS. Por lo tanto, la inclusión de HS de alto contenido en PB (AP-HS) en sustitución de HS de menor contenido proteico (BP-HS) podría mejorar el crecimiento de los lechones. Los concentrados de soja (CPS) tienen un alto contenido en PB y bajo contenido de fibra bruta y en FAN (Shon et al., 1994). Por lo tanto, la sustitución de HS por CPS, podría mejorar el rendimiento de los cerdos al destete. Los efectos del tamaño medio de partícula (GMD) del pienso sobre el crecimiento es un tema de debate (Goodband et al., 1995). La mayoría de estudios llevados a cabo con cereales han encontrado una relación directa positiva entre la GMD y el índice de conversión (IC) en cerdos (Goodband y Hines, 1988; Healy et al., 1994). Sin embargo, los resultados disponibles sobre los efectos de la molturación fina de la HS sobre la productividad en lechones son escasos y no concordantes (Fastinger y Mahan, 2003; Lawrence et al., 2003; Valencia et al., 2008). El objetivo de este experimento fue evaluar los efectos de la inclusión de diferentes tipos de soja en los que variaba el contenido de PB y el tamaño de partícula sobre el crecimiento de los lechones

Multinet : enabler for next generation enterprise wireless services

Wireless communications are currently experiencing a fast migration toward the beyond third-generation (B3G)/fourth generation (4G) era. This represents a generational change in wireless systems: new capabilities related to mobility and new services support is required and new concepts as individual-centric, user-centric or ambient-aware communications are included. One of the main restrictions associated to wireless technology is mobility management, this feature was not considered in the design phase; for this reason, a complete solution is not already found, although different solutions are proposed and are being proposed. In MULTINET project, features as mobility and multihoming are applied to wireless network to provide the necessary network and application functionality enhancements for seamless data communication mobility considering end-user scenario and preferences. The aim of this paper is to show the benefits of these functionalities from the Service Providers and final User point of view

Diferencias en composición química y relaciones con la calidad de la proteína de las harinas de soja según origen.

La harina de soja (HS) es la principal fuente de proteína utilizada en la fabricación de piensos. En Europa, la mayor parte de las HS procede de uno de los tres principales países productores: Estados Unidos (USA), Brasil (BRA) y Argentina (ARG). La composición y valor nutricional de las HS varía entre países de origen en función de las variedades cultivadas, las condiciones agronómicas y las condiciones de procesado (Grieshop et al., 2003; De Coca et al., 2008, 2010; Frikha et al., 2012). En un trabajo anterior Mateos et al. (2011) presentaron los resultados obtenidos de una colección de 385 muestras de HS recogidas entre los años 2007 y 2010 procedentes de estos tres países. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo complementar los resultados anteriores con nuevas muestras procedentes de las cosechas de los años 2011 y 2012. Asimismo se presentarán las correlaciones más destacadas entre componentes analíticos y las variables de calidad de la proteína habitualmente utilizadas por la industria

Absolute dimensions of the low-mass eclipsing binary system NSVS 10653195

Low-mass stars in eclipsing binary systems show radii larger and effective temperatures lower than theoretical stellar models predict for isolated stars with the same masses. Eclipsing binaries with low-mass components are hard to find due to their low luminosity. As a consequence, the analysis of the known low-mass eclipsing systems is key to understand this behavior. We developed a physical model of the LMDEB system NSVS 10653195 to accurately measure the masses and radii of the components. We obtained several high-resolution spectra in order to fit a spectroscopic orbit. Standardized absolute photometry was obtained to measure reliable color indices and to measure the mean Teff of the system in out-of-eclipse phases. We observed and analyzed optical VRI and infrared JK band differential light-curves which were fitted using PHOEBE. A Markov-Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation near the solution found provides robust uncertainties for the fitted parameters. NSVS 10653195 is a detached eclipsing binary composed of two similar stars with masses of M1=0.6402+/-0.0052 Msun and M2=0.6511+/-0.0052 Msun and radii of R1=0.687^{+0.017}_{-0.024} Rsun and R2=0.672^{+0.018}_{-0.022} Rsun. Spectral types were estimated to be K6V and K7V. These stars rotate in a circular orbit with an orbital inclination of i=86.22+/-0.61 degrees and a period of P=0.5607222(2) d. The distance to the system is estimated to be d=135.2^{+7.6}_{-7.9} pc, in excellent agreement with the value from Gaia. If solar metallicity were assumed, the age of the system would be older than log(age)~8 based on the Mbol-log Teff diagram. NSVS 10653195 is composed of two oversized and active K stars. While their radii is above model predictions their Teff are in better agreement with models.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, 12 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A. Tables 1, 2, 3 and 7 are only available in electronic form at the CDS (Strasbourg

Using the stated preference method for the calculation of social discount rate

The aim of this paper is to build the stated preference method into the social discount rate methodology. The first part of the paper presents the results of a survey about stated time preferences through pair-choice decision situations for various topics and time horizons. It is assumed that stated time preferences differ from calculated time preferences and that the extent of stated rates depends on the time period, and on how much respondents are financially and emotionally involved in the transactions. A significant question remains: how can the gap between the calculation and the results of surveys be resolved, and how can the real time preferences of individuals be interpreted using a social time preference rate. The second part of the paper estimates the social time preference rate for Hungary using the results of the survey, while paying special attention to the pure time preference component. The results suggest that the current method of calculation of the pure time preference rate does not reflect the real attitudes of individuals towards future generations