4,760 research outputs found
Gravitino Freeze-In
We explore an alternative mechanism for the production of gravitino dark
matter whereby relic gravitinos originate from the decays of superpartners
which are still in thermal equilibrium, i.e. via freeze-in. Contributions to
the gravitino abundance from freeze-in can easily dominate over those from
thermal scattering over a broad range of parameter space, e.g. when the scalar
superpartners are heavy. Because the relic abundance from freeze-in is
independent of the reheating temperature after inflation, collider measurements
may be used to unambiguously reconstruct the freeze-in origin of gravitinos. In
particular, if gravitino freeze-in indeed accounts for the present day dark
matter abundance, then the lifetime of the next-to-lightest superpartner is
uniquely fixed by the superpartner spectrum.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Seesaw Spectroscopy at Colliders
A low-scale neutrino seesaw may be probed or even reconstructed at colliders
provided that supersymmetry is at the weak scale and the LSP is a sterile
sneutrino. Because the neutrino Yukawa couplings are small, the NLSP is
typically long-lived and thus a significant fraction of colored or charged
NLSPs may stop in the detector material before decaying to the LSP and a
charged lepton, gauge boson, or Higgs. For two-body NLSP decays, the energy
spectrum of the visible decay product exhibits a monochromatic line for each
sterile sneutrino which can be used to extract the sterile sneutrino masses and
some or all entries of the neutrino Yukawa matrix modulo phases. Similar
methods can be used to extract these parameters from the Dalitz plot in the
case of three-body NLSP decays. Assuming that the sterile sneutrino and
neutrino are roughly degenerate, one can confirm the existence of a neutrino
seesaw by comparing these measured parameters to the observed active neutrino
masses and mixing angles. Seesaw spectroscopy can also provide genuinely new
information such as the value of , the nature of the neutrino mass
hierarchy, and the presence of CP conservation in the neutrino sector. We
introduce a weak-scale theory of leptogenesis that can be directly tested by
these techniques.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
The implication of advances in wireless data communications on e-commerce
The way we conduct our day to day business has undergone fundamental changes over the past ten years. With the emergence of Internet that links the world together, users have put a lot more emphasis on communicating through the electronics media such as email and fax. We now seldom write to each other through letters but rather we communicate more often through emails or even ICQ! With the imminent changes in the wireless data communications, the erevolution that a lot of us are still trying hard to manage will extend from our desktop on to our hands. Internet connection will no longer be desk bound but will be extended to users who will be connected everywhere, all the time. This paper briefly examines the emerging technologies in the wireless data communications area and their effect on e-Commerce. Its implication to the training and skill development requirements for Hong Kong will also be examined
Worldwide technology trend of electronics products
Electronics products have undergone much significant advancement in recent years. Although the development trends have primarily been determined by the developed nations such as United States, Japan and the European countries, these trends have been largely driven by many principal drivers. These principal drivers can broadly be classified in terms of users, technologies and regulatory changes. This paper briefly examines these drivers as well as the technology and product trends in the sectors of telecommunications, consumer electronics and information technology products. Its implication to the training and skill development requirements for Hong Kong will also be examined
Application of CFD to sonic boom near and mid flow-field prediction
A 3-D parabolized Navier-Stokes (PNS) code was used to calculate the supersonic overpressures from three different geometries at near- and mid-flow fields. Wind tunnel data is used for code validation. Comparison of the computed results with different grid refinements is shown. It is observed that a large number of grid points is needed to resolve the tail shock/expansion fan interaction. Therefore, an adaptive grid approach is employed to calculate the flow field. The agreement between the numerical results and the wind tunnel data confirms that computational fluid dynamics can be applied to the problem of sonic boom prediction
Cosmological axino problem
We revisit the cosmology of the supersymmetric QCD axion, highlighting the existence of a serious cosmological axino problem that is fully analogous to the gravitino problem of overclosure via thermal production. A general analysis implies that the QCD axino has a mass greater than or equal to that of the gravitino in the absence of unnatural fine-tuning or sequestering. As a consequence, bounds from thermal gravitino and QCD axino production are complementary in parameter space, and together provide a quite stringent limit on the reheating temperature after inflation given by T_R < 10^3 − 10^6 GeV for an axion decay constant of f_a = 10^9 − 10^(12) GeV. Motivated by this result, we explore the cosmology of gravitino lightest supersymmetric particle and axino next to lightest supersymmetric particle at low T_R and present three realistic scenarios for dark matter
Origins of Hidden Sector Dark Matter I: Cosmology
We present a systematic cosmological study of a universe in which the visible
sector is coupled, albeit very weakly, to a hidden sector comprised of its own
set of particles and interactions. Assuming that dark matter (DM) resides in
the hidden sector and is charged under a stabilizing symmetry shared by both
sectors, we determine all possible origins of weak-scale DM allowed within this
broad framework. We show that DM can arise only through a handful of
mechanisms, lending particular focus to Freeze-Out and Decay and Freeze-In, as
well as their variations involving late time re-annihilations of DM and DM
particle anti-particle asymmetries. Much like standard Freeze-Out, where the
abundance of DM depends only on the annihilation cross-section of the DM
particle, these mechanisms depend only on a very small subset of physical
parameters, many of which may be measured directly at the LHC. In particular,
we show that each DM production mechanism is associated with a distinctive
window in lifetimes and cross-sections for particles which may be produced in
the near future. We evaluate prospects for employing the LHC to definitively
reconstruct the origin of DM in a companion paper.Comment: 32 pages, 19 figures; v2: references added, published versio
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