A methodology for groundwater resource management at village level: a case study at Dassui Commune, Burkina Faso

Collection of groundwater level and abstraction data are essential components of successful groundwater resource management, at local and regional scales. This paper describes the collection and use of data collected by villagers relating to an irrigated market gardening project in a remote community in Burkina Faso. It identifies important insights that can be gained into the behaviour of a groundwater system from these data and how this can result in improvements to project outcomes. It is shown that village-level data collection can be highly effective and inform future options to ensure that water resources are used sustainably. Data analysis also indicated that irrigation efficiency was low leading to the need to investigate alternative, improved methods

Numbers of spectacled flying-foxes (<i>Pteropus conspicillatus</i>) affected by tick paralysis between 1998 and 2010 and population counts of <i>P. conspicillatus</i>.

*<p>Affected animals from Tolga scrub, Whiteing Road, and New Powley Road on the Atherton Tableland, North Queensland, Australia; **2006 count is taken from December and includes Lakeside a new camp affected by tick paralysis; ^$Animals moved to new unknown camp (Lakeside) so searches were incomplete in 2006; ^$$No details about numbers of dead adult animals available, as too many juvenile animals were in care; number of adult <i>P. conspicillatus</i> given were extrapolated from previous data; <b>^#</b>Search for affected animals stopped for 3 weeks because too many juveniles were in care; number of adult and juvenile animals based on seasonal distribution of previous years.</p

Distribution of spectacled flying-fox camps in the central Wet Tropics region, Atherton Tablelands, North Queensland, Australia.

<p>The distribution of rainforest is shown in grey. Enclosed area is the core distribution of <i>Solanum mauritianum</i> based on Queensland herbarium records for the Atherton Tableland (Source: Wikipedia; <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" target="_blank">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia</a>; commons map; and CSIRO, Australia).</p

Mortality rates (per 10,000) of spectacled flying-foxes (<i>Pteropus conspicillatus</i>) caused by tick paralysis on the Atherton Tableland, North Queensland, Australia.

*<p>Upper mortality estimate is based on fly-out counts, lower number is based on day counts as available; **NA  =  not available; ^$Animals moved to new unknown camp (Lakeside) so searches were incomplete in 2006; ^$$No details about numbers of dead adult animals available, as too many juvenile animals were in care; numbers given were extrapolated from previous years.</p

Juvenile <i>Pteropus conspicillatus</i> tick paralysis rate per 10,000 population per year, and total <i>P. conspicillatus</i> tick paralysis rate per 10,000 population per year in the affected camps as well as total population of affected camps over the 13 year study period.

<p>Juvenile <i>Pteropus conspicillatus</i> tick paralysis rate per 10,000 population per year, and total <i>P. conspicillatus</i> tick paralysis rate per 10,000 population per year in the affected camps as well as total population of affected camps over the 13 year study period.</p

Final vector auto-regression (VAR) model predicting mortality rates of spectacled flying-foxes (<i>Pteropus conspicillatus</i>) caused by tick paralysis and total population count of affected camps.

<p>L1  =  one year prior; L2 =  two years prior. Variables omitted from the analysis due to co-linearity include: Q1 Maximum Temperature; Q3 Humidity; Q3 Hours of Sunshine; Q3 Evaporation; Q4 Minimum Temperature.</p

Climate variables without a unit root in the yearly quarters (Q).

<p>Max  =  maximum; Min  =  minimum.</p