Experimental generation of multi-photon Fock states

We experimentally demonstrate the generation of multi-photon Fock states with up to three photons in well-defined spatial-temporal modes synchronized with a classical clock. The states are characterized using quantum optical homodyne tomography to ensure mode selectivity. The three-photon Fock states are probabilistically generated by pulsed spontaneous parametric down conversion at a rate of one per second, enabling complete characterization in 12 hours.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Employment Arbitration 2011: A Realist View

Labor and Employment Law Under the Obama Administration: A Time for Hope and Change? Symposium held November 12-13, 2010, Indiana University Maurer School of Law, Bloomington, Indiana

Discovery in Labor Arbitration

The mere statement of the topic, discovery in labor arbitration, suggests a paradox. Is not the essence of the arbitration process an effort to avoid the procedural complexities that make litigation comparatively slow and costly? More than forty years ago, Learned Hand admonished a litigant distressed with the procedural failings of an arbitration proceeding

A Research Guide to the Law of Private Sector Labor-Management Relations

The law of private sector labor management relations involves a technical subject matter and is further complicated by sometimes obscure jurisdictional standards. Researching the area is done most effectively using commercially published looseleaf services. Professor Cooper\u27s guide explores the differences between the two major services, discusses other primary and secondary sources for labor law research and offers a research strategy for labor issues

Teaching ADR in the Workplace Once and Again: A Pedagogical History

During the summer there was a conference in Ann Arbor, sponsored by the Association of American Law Schools, to address whether law schools could better prepare students to represent the interests of employees and employ- ers. The conference planners took care to include as participants notjust law school teachers, but also practitioners who could more accurately describe the role of attorneys in representing worker and employer interests and how students could best be educated to serve those roles. Conference participants concluded that current law school courses were inappropriately focused on the adversarial role of lawyers in litigation. They decided that courses should instead emphasize lawyers\u27 roles in more amicable means of conflict resolu- tion, such as arbitration and mediation. Teachers at the conference outlined innovative pedagogies that they had been employing successfully in their classrooms to teach these new roles, including simulated mediated negotia- tions and arbitrations. They debated the potential advantages and disadvan- tages of simulation-based pedagogy

Discipline and Discharge of Public-Sector Employees: An Empirical Study of Arbitration Awards

Commentators frequently assert that government employees enjoy a level of protection from discharge far greater than privatesector employees, and, indeed, that government employers are actually unable to fire public employees who perform poorly or engage in misconduct. For example, author Mortimer B. Zuckerman maintained in a 2010 U.S. News & World Report article that there were two Americas with a division that affronts a sense of fairness between the protections afforded public-sector workers and those available to workers in the private sector.1 He stated, it is almost impossible to fire government workers except after a long process and only for the most grievous offenses. 2 A 2010 editorial in the Star Tribune newspaper concurred and went further to blame the phenomenon directly on arbitration for mak[ing] it difficult to terminate public employees. 3 The newspaper\u27s editorial continued, [a]rbitration is at the heart of growing concerns about public employees\u27 accountability. Many workers are allowed to appeal disciplinary actions through this controversial process, which frequently upholds firings only in extreme cases or after a lengthy record of unsuccessful efforts to improve performance.

Employment Arbitration 2011: A Realist View

Labor and Employment Law Under the Obama Administration: A Time for Hope and Change? Symposium held November 12-13, 2010, Indiana University Maurer School of Law, Bloomington, Indiana

Privatizing Labor Law: Neutrality/Card Check Agreements and the Role of the Arbitrator

William R. Stewart Lecture given at Indiana University School of Law-Bloomington on November 13, 2007