Quarter wavelength fabry–perot cavity antenna with wideband low monostatic radar cross section and off-broadside peak radiation

Since antennas are strong radar targets, their radar cross section (RCS) reduction and radiation enhancement is of utmost necessity, particularly for stealth platforms. This work proposes the design of a Fabry–Perot Cavity (FPC) antenna which has wideband low monostatic RCS. While in the transmission mode, not only is gain enhancement achieved, but radiation beam is also deflected in the elevation plane. Moreover, the design is low-profile, i.e., the cavity height is ~λ/4. A patch antenna designed at 6 GHz serves as the excitation source of the cavity constructed between the metallic ground plane and superstrate. The superstrate structure is formed with absorptive frequency selective surface (AFSS) in conjunction with dual-sided partially reflective surface (PRS). Resistor loaded metallic rings serve as the AFSS, while PRS is constructed from inductive gradated mesh structure on one side to realize phase gradient for beam deflection; the other side has fixed capacitive elements. Results show that wideband RCS reduction was achieved from 4–16 GHz, with average RCS reduction of about 8.5 dB over the reference patch antenna. Off-broadside peak radiation at −38◦ was achieved, with gain approaching ~9.4 dB. Simulation and measurement results are presented

Tilted beam fabry-perot antenna with enhanced gain and broadband low backscattering

Communication with low radar signature platforms requires antennas with low backscatter, to uphold the low observability attribute of the platforms. In this work, we present the design for a Fabry–Perot (F-P) cavity antenna with low monostatic radar cross section (RCS) and enhanced gain. In addition, peak radiation is tilted inthe elevation plane. This is achieved by incorporating phase gradient metasurface (PGM) with absorptive frequency selective surface (FSS). The periodic surface of metallic square loops with lumped resistors forms the absorptive surface, placed on top of a partially reflecting surface (PRS) with an intervening air gap. The double-sided PRS consists of uniform metallic patches etched in a periodic fashion on its upper side. The bottom surface consists of variable-sized metallic patches, to realize phase gradient. The superstrate assembly is placed at about half free space wavelength above the patch antenna resonating at 6.6 GHz. The antenna’s ground plane and PRS together construct the F-P cavity. A peak gain of 11.5 dBi is achieved at 13◦ tilt of the elevation plane. Wideband RCS reduction is achieved, spanning 5.6–16 GHz, for x-and y-polarizations of normally incident plane wave. The average RCS reduction is 13 dB. Simulation results with experimental verifications are presented

Investigation the nonlinear optical properties of silver nanoparticles using femtosecond laser

© 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. In this research, the fabrication of silver nanoparticles and experimental nonlinear response (NLO). The fabrication of the silver nanoparticles has been done using E-Beam evaporation on a glass substrate (Ag-NPs) and investigation of their nonlinear optical response (NLO). The silver nanoparticles was evaluated by optical spectrum (UV-Vis) that shows localized surface Plasmon band at 375 nm. The experiment shows the nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction effect of silver nanoparticles, the silver nanoparticles is analysed by Z-Scan technique using a femtoseconds laser with 800 nm wavelength. The result shows the nonlinear absorption (NLA) is at 4.8710-4cmW-1, while (NLR) is at 7.9410-9cmW-1

Effects of Heavy Metals and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on the Leaf Proteome of a Selected Poplar Clone: A Time Course Analysis

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi establish a mutualistic symbiosis with the roots of most plant species. While receiving photosynthates, they improve the mineral nutrition of the plant and can also increase its tolerance towards some pollutants, like heavy metals. Although the fungal symbionts exclusively colonize the plant roots, some plant responses can be systemic. Therefore, in this work a clone of Populus alba L., previously selected for its tolerance to copper and zinc, was used to investigate the effects of the symbiosis with the AM fungus Glomus intraradices on the leaf protein expression. Poplar leaf samples were collected from plants maintained in a glasshouse on polluted (copper and zinc contaminated) or unpolluted soil, after four, six and sixteen months of growth. For each harvest, about 450 proteins were reproducibly separated on 2DE maps. At the first harvest the most relevant effect on protein modulation was exerted by the AM fungi, at the second one by the metals, and at the last one by both treatments. This work demonstrates how importantly the time of sampling affects the proteome responses in perennial plants. In addition, it underlines the ability of a proteomic approach, targeted on protein identification, to depict changes in a specific pattern of protein expression, while being still far from elucidating the biological function of each protein

Compact Double-P Slotted Inset-Fed Microstrip Patch Antenna on High Dielectric Substrate

This paper presents a compact sized inset-fed rectangular microstrip patch antenna embedded with double-P slots. The proposed antenna has been designed and fabricated on ceramic-PTFE composite material substrate of high dielectric constant value. The measurement results from the fabricated prototype of the antenna show −10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidths of 200 MHz and 300 MHz with center resonant frequency of 1.5 GHz and 4 GHz, respectively. The fabricated antenna has attained gains of 3.52 dBi with 81% radiation efficiency and 5.72 dBi with 87% radiation efficiency for lower band and upper band, respectively. The measured E- and H-plane radiation patterns are also presented for better understanding. Good agreement between the simulation and measurement results and consistent radiation patterns make the proposed antenna suitable for GPS and C-band applications

Planar textile antennas with artificial magnetic conductor for body-centric communications

Two textile antennas namely diamond dipole and coplanar waveguide (CPW) monopole are designed to test the proposed textile artificial magnetic conductor (AMC). Performance comparison including return loss, radiation pattern, and gain between the two antennas above AMC is observed. Results show gain improvement with reduced backlobes when having AMC. Bending and wetness measurements are also conducted. Bending is found not to cause performance disruption, while wetness influences performance distortion. However, once the antennas and AMC dried out, the original performance is retrieved

Textile artificial magnetic conductor jacket for transmission enhancement between antennas under bending and wetness measurements

Textile artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) waveguide jacket for transmission enhancement between on-body antennas is proposed. Transmission characteristics between antennas with different orientations and placements are studied. Significant transmission enhancement is observed for all tested positions. Bending and wetness measurements are also conducted. Bending is found not to give significant effect to the antennas and AMC performance, while wetness yields severe performance distortion. However, the original performance is retrieved once the antennas and AMC dried. The proposed AMC jacket will act as a new approach for efficient wearable body-centric communications

ZIM cover for improvement of the bandwidth and gain of patch antenna

A new zero-index metasurface (ZIM) structure is proposed to improve the bandwidth and gain of the microstrip patch antenna. A single-sided 8 × 8 set of metasurface elements is embedded over the radiating patch to enhance the performance of a coaxial probe fed slotted circular patch antenna. The proposed ZIM cover-assimilated antenna were designed on a high permittivity (ϵr = 15) ceramic-filled bio-plastic sandwich structured dielectric substrate and fabricated for experimental verification of the performance characteristics. A significant improvement of bandwidths and gains of the proposed antenna were observed by incorporating the metasurface cover over the radiating patch with the gap of 10 mm. The experimental results showed that the bandwidths of the proposed metasurface-covered antenna widened by 54.5%, 68.5% and 61.1% and gains also improved by 133.40%, 73.30% and 72.06% at three resonant frequencies, namely, 3.7 GHz, 8.95 GHz and 10.3 GHz, respectively, compared to the patch alone. The performance characteristics of the proposed ZIM cover-incorporated antenna make it suitable for ultra-wideband (3.4-4 GHz, 6.45-8.2 GHz and 10.0-10.9 GHz) applications