Note su una canzone anonima contro Carlo IX

Communication présentée à la journée d'étude "Parce que c'estoit luy... ", Giornata di studi in memoria di Michel Simonin, Verona, 1 octobre 2010. [en attente de publication)Edition et étude d'une chanson anonyme manuscrite contre le roi Charles X diffusée en 1573 et conservée à Strasbourg dans les papiers de Johaannes Schenckbecher.Studio ed edizione di una "chanson" anonima manoscritta contro il re Carlo IX di Valois, diffusa nel 1573 e conservata a Strasburgo nella raccolta di Johannes Schenckbecher

Circles of Interpretation and the Printing World: the Case of the Community of " Italian Exiles " in French-Speaking Countries in the Sixteenth Century

The renewal of religious thought in fifteenth-and sixteenth-century Italy was largely determined by the peninsula's geopolitical fragmentation – a fragmentation which manifested in the emergence of multiple centres of interpretation of sacred texts, located in many different places. The spread of evangelist and the reformation theories were likewise linked, especially in the lay population, to regional variations; notably those concerning the literacy rates of the middle and lower classes, which varied according to the economic models adopted by the different regions. The presence of a literate, administrating and trading class in Italy's principal commercial and financial centres (Venice, Genoa, Siena and Florence) frequently went hand in hand with a certain degree of literacy in the lower classes; it was not uncommon, for example, to find craftsmen, artists, barber-surgeons, small shopkeepers and traders who could and did read in the vernacular. In addition, the existence of a network of studii and universities – often situated in relatively out-of-the-way towns with respect to the main religious and political centres of Italy (Padua, Bologna, Pisa) – favoured the development of written culture and reading practices centred, first, around the workshops of copyists and, later, around the first printing presses. If, in addition, we consider the massive presence of literate, regular and secular clergy in the urban milieux, and the organisation of councils in various Italian towns during the 15 th and 16 th centuries, it comes as no surprise that the reinterpretation of religious thought became at this time a major subject of interest for the middle-and, to a certain extent, lower-class urban milieux. The rural world was less affected by these phenomena, at least during the 15 th century. In southern Italy, where the latifundia and general urban rarefaction determined the acculturation of the poorest classes, new circles of interpretation do not seem to have emerged at all. However, in Calabria, Puglia (as in some regions of northwestern Italy), a number of Vaudian communities would respond, in the 16th century, to the call from transalpine reformation movements

Potassium in Solid Cancers

Electrolyte disorders are a frequent finding in cancer patients. In the majority of cases the etiologies of such disorders are common to all cancer types (i.e. diuretic-induced hyponatremia or hypokalemia). Sometimes, electrolyte disorders are caused by paraneoplastic syndromes or are due to cancer therapy. Potassium is one of the most important electrolytes of the human body since it is involved in the regulation of muscle contraction, maintenance of the integrity of the skeleton, blood pressure and nerve transmission as well as in the normal function of cells. Potassium homeostasis is strictly regulated since the gap between the recommended daily dietary intake (120 mEq/day) and the levels stored in the extracellular fluid (around 70 mEq) is huge. Alterations of potassium homeostasis are frequent in cancer patients as well alterations in potassium channels, the transmembrane proteins that mediate potassium fluxes within the cells. The present chapter is focused on the clinical significance of potassium homeostasis and potassium channels in patients with solid tumors

Immunohistochemical biomarkers in gastric cancer research and management.

Gastric cancer still represents a major health problem, despite a decrease in its incidence in the last years. Due to the social impact of gastric cancer (GC), there is a need for novel biomarkers in order to stratify patients into appropriate screening, surveillance, or treatment programs. Although histopathology remains the most reliable and less expensive method, numerous efforts have been made searching for novel biomarkers. In recent years, several molecules have been identified and tested for their clinical relevance in GC management. In this paper, we will focus on a well-known GC marker, whose determination is mandatory in GC, HER2, a marker whose correlation with prognosis is still controversial (VEGF-A) and a quite novel, unconventional marker, the ether-à-go-go-related gene 1 (hERG1). All these proteins can be easily detected with immunohistochemistry, a technique widely used both in diagnostic and research laboratories that represents a link between surgical and molecular pathology, basic science, and clinical medicine

Ion Channels and Transporters as Cancer Biomarkers and Targets for Diagnostics with Antibodies

Cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease in terms of both response to therapy and prognosis. The introduction of molecular tools and antibodies had a great impact on cancer management in recent years for both cancer diagnosis and therapy. Ion channels and transporters (ICT) are membrane proteins aberrantly expressed in several human cancers. ICT can now represent potential cancer biomarkers as well as targets for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. In particular, we will discuss about the potential role of ICTs as biomarkers for solid cancers (evaluated either by immunohistochemistry or molecular biology techniques) and the potential use of antibodies for diagnosis

Potassium and Sodium Channels and the Warburg Effect: Biophysical Regulation of Cancer Metabolism

Ion channels are progressively emerging as a novel class of membrane proteins expressed in several types of human cancers and regulating the different aspects of cancer cell behavior. The metabolism of cancer cells, usually composed by a variable proportion of respiration, glycolysis, and glutaminolysis, leads to the excessive production of acidic metabolic products. The presence of these acidic metabolites inside the cells results in intracellular acidosis, and hinders survival and proliferation. For this reason, tumor cells activate mechanisms of pH control that produce a constitutive increase in intracellular pH (pH(i)) that is more acidic than the extracellular pH (pH(e)). This condition forms a perfect microenvironment for metastatic progression and may be permissive for some of the acquired characteristics of tumors. Recent analyses have revealed complex interconnections between oncogenic activation, ion channels, hypoxia signaling and metabolic pathways that are dysregulated in cancer. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of the Warburg effect and hypoxia and their association. Moreover, we discuss the recent findings concerning the involvement of ion channels in various aspects of the Warburg effect and hypoxia, focusing on the role of Na(+) and K(+) channels in hypoxic and metabolic reprogramming in cancer

Introduzione

Si raccolgono in questa sezione monografica di Italique una serie di studi su autori, questioni e testi noti e meno noti che afferiscono in modi diversi a quella categoria critica, tanto vaga quanto generosamente omnicomprensiva, tradizionalmente denominata “poesia comica”. In realtà le incursioni nella produzione poetica cinquecentesca operate dagli autori di questi studi tendono ad interrogare testi e documenti che, pur rinviando ad una tradizione letteraria ora comica, ora parodica o satir..