Resolution of Inflammation in Periodontitis: A Comprehensive Review

Inflammation, a natural defence mechanism against injury or infection, can become problematic when it fails to resolve, as observed in conditions like periodontitisThis review explores how inflammation is resolved in periodontitis and seeks potential treatments for this chronic condition, which damages the periodontium, including the gingival tissue, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. The pathogenesis of this disease is initiated by the inflammatory response triggered by resident leukocytes and endothelial cells upon exposure to bacterial biofilms, resulting in vasodilation and immune cell recruitment. The review stresses the importance of researching targeted approaches for periodontitis treatment, such as inducing neutrophil apoptosis, shifting from M1 to M2 macrophages, and exploring M2-based tissue engineering. Additionally, investigating lymphangiogenesis and Treg cell recruitment at the inflammation site offers promising avenues. In conclusion, further studies are needed to refine lymphangiogenesis and assess the potential of pro-resolving lipid mediators and anti-inflammatory cytokines in managing periodontitis. Ongoing research aims to uncover the underlying biomolecular mechanisms governing immune cells and resolving mediators, with the ultimate goal of restoring tissue equilibrium and promoting healing

Vitronectin and Fetuin-A: Newfangled Glycoproteins in Periodontits and Coronary Artery Diseases: A Narrative Review

Periodontitis, an intricate inflammatory condition impacting oral support structures, is increasingly recognized as a potential contributor to systemic ailments, notably cardiovascular diseases. Its pathophysiology involves the release of inflammatory molecules like cytokines and chemokines, exacerbating conditions like atherosclerosis. Within this complex web of inflammation, glycoproteins like vitronectin and fetuin-A have emerged as pivotal players, with vitronectin's multifunctional roles in cellular processes and fetuin-A's influence on metabolic pathways. Understanding their involvement in periodontitis and cardiovascular disorders offers promise in leveraging them as diagnostic biomarkers, potentially enhancing disease management and prevention