Human-Centred Design in the context of Servitization in Industry 4.0: A Collaborative Approach

The competitiveness of the business today will depend on empowering hu-man intelligence and creativity, capturing and capitalizing on available infor-mation and knowledge for the total product and service lifecycle. To realize this beyond technical aspects, the collaborative work of multidisciplinary and inter-sectoral teams is constituted to develop an appropriate methodology of human-centred design (HCD) with advanced service innovation in indus-try 4.0. Based on the state-of-the-art analysis and industrial requirements, the methodology is tested with European industrial cases in various sectors to validate its implementation and benefits. This paper aims to provide the well-rounded collaborative framework to deliver the new HCD methodology

Context-awareness for the design of Smart-product service systems: Literature review

Smart-Product Service Systems (S-PSS) emerge as a novel strategy to integrate smart products with advanced digital capabilities and their related e-services to satisfy user’s needs in highly context-dependent environments. S-PSS has the potential to generate a transition towards more economically, ecologically and socially sustainable practices and business models due to its adaptive capacities. However, being able to exploit the digital capabilities of smart products and their services is still limited in design and even more to improve the user experience. For this reason, this study will focus on the Context-awareness capability that has been defined by multiple scholars as one of the most relevant properties that defines the smartness of a product. Following a systematic literature review approach, this work makes the following contributions: (1) it provides a bibliometric analysis using a cluster keyword map to analyze the most researched topics in S-PSS relevant to the design, user experience and analyze their connections; (2) an analysis of the case studies presented in the literature according to the life cycle of context-aware applications; and (3) establishes a research direction for the user experience and design of the S-PSS

An overview of Industry 4.0 Applications for Advanced Maintenance Services

Manufacturing today has experienced dynamic changes imposed by social-technical systems that address economic, social and sustainable requirements. Furthermore, the technologies in Industry 4.0 have also brought many smart applications to advance manufacturing to the next level of development. In a focused sense, maintenance plays a key role in manufacturing to create value propositions—extension of equipment useful life and enhancement in overall equipment effectiveness—for stakeholders towards economics and sustainability. In this context, the maintenance services that create the value propositions are not only delivered as after-sales maintenance services but developed to advanced maintenance services embedded into Industry 4.0 applications. To provide a clearer picture of the development, this work aims to review and categorize the maintenance services in three groups—basic services, intermediate services, advanced services—associated with technologies in Industry 4.0 across the life-cycle maintenance service

Eyeface : a new multimethod tool to evaluate the perception of conceptual user experiences

Based on the identification of a new multimethod tool necessity, a new tool called Eyeface has been created by combining two different devices: the Eye-tracking and the Facereader. This research work analyses a new multimethod tool to evaluate the user experience perception in the conceptualisation phase within the experience design process. To this end, an experiment has been carried out analysing the correlation between the Eyeface and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule – Expanded Form (PANAS-X) evaluation tool. The result of this study showed a high similarity between each devicés results, and thus concluded that the Eyeface fits as a concept evaluation tool within the experience design process

UX-for Smart-PSS: Towards a Context-Aware Framework

Smart-product service systems are a business strategy that combines product and service into one value proposition. The user experience of digital services and the smart product can be a clear differentiator among competitors to achieve economically sustainable solutions. Hence, offering a more personalized experience is an important aspect of S-PSS. This paper aims to provide a theoretical framework for a context-aware user experience in S-PSS by providing adaptive and personalized services to the users according to their needs in a given context, by exploiting the digital capabilities of smart products and referring to the use of recommendation systems. The paper presents an application scenario using a smart-wearable as an example of a product-oriented PSS to better describe the framework and each component while stating the future challenges

Human‑centred design in industry 4.0: case study review and opportunities for future research

The transition to industry 4.0 has impacted factories, but it also afects the entire value chain. In this sense, human-centred factors play a core role in transitioning to sustainable manufacturing processes and consumption. The awareness of human roles in Industry 4.0 is increasing, as evidenced by active work in developing methods, exploring infuencing factors, and proving the efectiveness of design oriented to humans. However, numerous studies have been brought into existence but then disconnected from other studies. As a consequence, these studies in industry and research alike are not regularly adopted, and the network of studies is seemingly broad and expands without forming a coherent structure. This study is a unique attempt to bridge the gap through the literature characteristics and lessons learnt derived from a collection of case studies regarding human-centred design (HCD) in the context of Industry 4.0. This objective is achieved by a well-rounded systematic literature review whose special unit of analysis is given to the case studies, delivering contributions in three ways: (1) providing an insight into how the literature has evolved through the cross-disciplinary lens; (2) identifying what research themes associated with design methods are emerging in the feld; (3) and setting the research agenda in the context of HCD in Industry 4.0, taking into account the lessons learnt, as uncovered by the in-depth review of case studies

How-to conduct a systematic literature review: A quick guide for computer science research

Performing a literature review is a critical first step in research to understanding the state-of-the-art and identifying gaps and challenges in the field. A systematic literature review is a method which sets out a series of steps to methodically organize the review. In this paper, we present a guide designed for researchers and in particular early-stage researchers in the computer-science field. The contribution of the article is the following: • Clearly defined strategies to follow for a systematic literature review in computer science research, and • Algorithmic method to tackle a systematic literature review

Evaluation of User Experience in Human–Robot Interaction : A Systematic Literature Review

Industry 4.0 has ushered in a new era of process automation, thus redefining the role of people and altering existing workplaces into unknown formats. The number of robots in the manufacturing industry has been steadily increasing for several decades and in recent years the number and variety of industries using robots have also increased. For robots to become allies in the day-to-day lives of operators, they need to provide positive and fit-for-purpose experiences through smooth and satisfying interactions. In this sense, user experience (UX) serves as the greatest link between persons and robots. Essential to the study of UX is its evaluation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify methodologies that evaluate the human–robot interaction (HRI) from a human-centred approach. A systematic literature review has been carried out, in which 24 articles have been identified. Among these, are 15 experimental studies, in addition to theoretical frameworks and tools. The review has provided insight into how evaluations are conducted in HRI. The results show the most evaluated factors and how they are measured considering different types of measurements: qualitative and quantitative, objective and subjective. Research gaps and future directions are correspondingly identified

A new evaluation model of conceptual ideas for products and services based on user experience

More and more companies are integrating the experience design into their development process. This new approach allows to develop new products and services, based on user's emotions and motivations. In order to advance in this new approach of design, this paper presents a new evaluation model for the design of experiences in the conceptual phase. The toolkit consists of a set of three assessment tools (Eyeface, Sheldon test and a questionnaire) that meet the requirements defined in the analysis phase of design experience process. By applying the toolkit in a experience design project, it is validated that the toolkit suits perfectly into the experience design process and allows to get a better understanding of the users assessment in a very early stage