Dynamical model for the formation of patterned deposits at receding contact lines

We describe the formation of deposition patterns that are observed in many different experiments where a three-phase contact line of a volatile nanoparticle suspension or polymer solution recedes. A dynamical model based on a long-wave approximation predicts the deposition of irregular and regular line patterns due to self-organised pinning-depinning cycles corresponding to a stick-slip motion of the contact line. We analyze how the line pattern properties depend on the evaporation rate and solute concentration

A Search for Moderate-Redshift Survivors from the Population of Luminous Compact Passive Galaxies at High Redshift

From a search of a ~ 2400 square degree region covered by both the SDSS and UKIDSS databases, we have attempted to identify galaxies at z ~ 0.5 that are consistent with their being essentially unmodified examples of the luminous passive compact galaxies found at z ~ 2.5. After isolating good candidates via deeper imaging, we further refine the sample with Keck moderate-resolution spectroscopy and laser-guide-star adaptive-optics imaging. For 4 of the 5 galaxies that so far remain after passing through this sieve, we analyze plausible star-formation histories based on our spectra in order to identify galaxies that may have survived with little modification from the population formed at high redshift. We find 2 galaxies that are consistent with having formed > 95% of their mass at z > 5. We attempt to estimate masses both from our stellar population determinations and from velocity dispersions. Given the high frequency of small axial ratios, both in our small sample and among samples found at high redshifts, we tentatively suggest that some of the more extreme examples of passive compact galaxies may have prolate morphologies.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, ApJ in press; error in Table 1 corrected, some new references adde

Empire, Tradition, And Ideologies: The Anti-Imperialist League Of The United States 1898-1920

ABSTRACT The American Anti-Imperialist League began in Boston in 1898 and shortly thereafter worked to consolidate other anti-imperialist organizations in an attempt to prevent the United States from creating its first overseas empire. The League was united in its opposition to empire yet its organizational structure prevented it from becoming a truly national, and thus unified, special interest group. Early on in 1898, the League’s unity came from its appeals to preserve the traditional American foreign policies of George Washington, ideas surrounding isolation from the affairs of Europe and its focus upon the Americas in particular. The League also advocated for the preservation of the Monroe Doctrine. Thus, in the early fight against empire, the League appeared to be a cohesive unit, in that its traditional based arguments against Empire were broadly appealing to all anti-imperialists and presented the appearance of a focused nationalist organization. This seeming cohesion led to the league supporting a presidential candidate but upon his defeat, and the initial establishment of an American empire, the façade of league unity and centralization fall part. When the main argument that drew everyone together began to fail, the league lost focus. This is most clearly seen in the rise in secondary arguments that the different factions within the League started to make against empire during a period when the establishment of the American empire seemed eminent . When the League had an opportunity to show that in many ways their arguments were vindicated, they lacked the internal unity and appropriate structure to do so. This study of the League demonstrates that while it was a national organization and while it had a convincing, at least to them, appeal to American traditions, its disparate nature caused its internal structure to deteriorate thereby causing a lack of organization and ultimate failure

A thermodynamic study of the zirconium sulfides

A hydrogen reduction technique was used to determine some thermodynamic properties of various zirconium sulfide phases. The equilibrium H2S/H2 ratios were determined as a function of temperature and composition of the condensed sulfide phases. The hydrogen sulfide content of the equilibrated gas mixtures was analyzed by an iodimetric titration procedure. A detailed description is given for the method and apparatus used both in the preparation of the various sulfide phases and in their equilibration with a hydrogen-hydrogen sulfide gas mixture. The composition ranger 59 to 67 atomic per cent sulfur was studied over a temperature range of 500⁰ C to 900⁰ C. Within this composition range there existed a two phase region of the Zr3S4 and ZrS2 type phases. The upper limit of this two phase region was bounded by a disulfide phase of a composition which was practically constant over the temperature range investigated. The lower limit of this two phase region was bounded by a Zr3S4 phase composition which varied appreciably with temperature. The upper limit of the disulfide phase solid solution was not definitely determined, but appears to be bounded very closely by the stoichiometric composition of ZrS2. The lower limit of the Zr3S4 phase solid solution was not determined due to the extremely low values of the equilibrium H2S/H2 ratio. The partial molar free energy, partial molar enthalpy, and partial molarl entropy of solution of sulfur were calculated for various compositions existing in the solid solution regions. A two term free energy equation was calculated for the two phase region of the Zr3S4 type phases. The standard free energy of formation of the zirconium sulfide phases in the composition range 59 to 73 atomic per cent sulfur was determined from unpublished zirconium oxide-sulfide equilibrium data and published data for the ZrS3-ZrS2 equilibrium by means of a graphical method for a temperature of 900⁰ C --Abstract

Investigating experimentalism : a case study of the tuba and its repertoire

The extant repertoire for the tuba serves as a landmark for how the tuba was perceived at that moment in time by that composer. This document contains a brief analysis of the tuba “experiment” that has been ongoing since its invention. In addition, it contains a brief parallel case study of the saxophone and how this instrument, invented at about the same time as the tuba, has embraced experimentalism and modern performance. This document contains five major sections. The first provides a brief history of the tuba and its predecessors. The second introduces numerical data representing the performance frequency of top experimental and non-experimental works for tuba in a solo setting. The third section discusses in more detail the top three experimental works. The next section briefly examines parallels between the trajectories of the tuba, the tuba’s repertoire and, the tuba community to that of the saxophone. The final section includes conclusions drawn from the previous sections, as well as ideas for the future path of the tuba. This document includes data compiled for the first time in the world of the tuba and tuba literature. It will also present some ideas that will hopefully inspire new avenues of thought, composition, and performance among tuba players. The saxophone, while at home in wind bands across the world, is almost more at home in an experimental setting. This experimentalism lies in the chosen repertoire, collaborative possibilities, or even the performance space itself. If tuba performers, teachers, and students do not begin thinking of embracing alternative performance collaborations, locations, and experimental performance techniques, the future may be bleak for the tuba world. Appendices to this document include copyright permissions with related communications, a brief discography of works included in the document, as well as a list of other experimental works for solo tuba, a list of some important experimentally-minded tuba performers and a few ideas for future research as inspired by this document

Not Your Advisor’s Doctorate: The Doctor Of Arts And The Modernization Of Higher Education 1945-1970

The “modernization” of higher education, 1945-1970, was a transitional period in American higher education. It was marked by a number of challenges that prompted rapid change in institutions around the United States. These changes were accompanied by expedient expansion in curriculum, faculty size, and physical plant of universities. One of the changes that came out of the period of modernization was the establishment of the Doctor of Arts degree as a way to produce professional faculty to fill open positions created by the rapid expansion of the modernization. As a result, the Doctor of Arts served as a modernization solution to a modernization problem. The period impacted the University of North Dakota in the many of the same ways as larger costal institutions. UND encountered many of the same limitations and challenges as larger institutions and dealt with them in many of the same ways. UND’s administration helmed by President’s West and Starcher who sought to modernize the university and create a lasting institution that would thrive on the northern plains. An examination of UND during this time period provides context with which to situate the examination of the DA at UND. Finally, an examination of the Doctor of Arts Degree both from a local perspective and a national perspective provides context for the lasting impacts of the modernization period. The successes and struggles of the DA illustrates the building of the modern university, and eventually the aging of that same institution

An empirical approach to the re-creation of vehicle drive cycles

Vehicles such as buses, delivery trucks, mining equipment, and motorsport vehicles often repeat a highly defined pattern, route, or track during normal use. For these vehicles, standard dynamometer drive cycles are of little use. It was proposed that deriving a vehicle drive cycle from empirical data collected from on-board vehicle sensors would produce more accurate vehicle characteristic predictions for special purpose vehicles. This study answers the question Is it possible to use recorded vehicle data to replicate a real world driving scenario for the purpose of vehicle diagnostics? To reduce the complexity of the project, an electric go-kart was used as test vehicle. The go-kart was driven around the Purdue Gand Prix kart track. Data was collected from on-board sensors built into the vehicle motor controller. A turn by turn analysis of the recorded data is provided. A chassis dynamometer was redesigned to replicate the recorded drive cycle. The recorded drive cycle was replicated using the same test vehicle and the on-track data is compared to the in-lab data. During drive cycle re-creation, the system was found to have an average RPM error of 3.23% and an average current error of 7.89%. The comparison of the energy used on the track and in the lab test demonstrated that the cumulative energy used varied by only 0.49%

Deposition of metallic coatings from fused salt baths

This thesis is the result of an investigation undertaken to study some of the important factors affecting the deposition of metallic diffusion coatings on other metals immersed in a fused salt bath…. There are many methods which have been devised to obtain diffusion coatings on various metals. One which is quite well known and used commercially is the process of “chromizing” which produces a diffusion layer if chromium on another metal. One method of “chromizing” consists of immersing the specimen to be coated in a mixed chloride fused bath containing chromium metal flakes. Another method consists of packing a low carbon steel in intimate contact with powdered chromium in the presence of hydrogen gas and heating to temperatures between 1200⁰ and 1400⁰ C. Still another method, which was developed in Germany, consists of passing gaseous chromium chloride over steel to be chromized at temperatures between 900⁰ and 1000⁰ C. Typical high temperature applications of chromized steel includes heating and cooking appliances, heat treatment equipment, fixtures and jigs, etc. A somewhat similar process has been developed at Missouri School of Mines for producing diffusion coatings of titanium on metals. This process consists of using either a plate of metallic titanium fixed adjacent to the metal to be coated and immersing the assemblage in an alkali salt mixture which has been fused, or packing the metal article in titanium powder and the salt mixture and then fusing the salt. The mechanism of deposition is not exactly known; however, it is presently thought that the deposition occurs from a “pyrosol” or metal fog. Since “chromizing” has been proved to be generally quite applicable to commercial processes and the formation of diffusion coatings of titanium appears to be also commercially applicable, especially where corrosion resistant coatings are desired, it was thought that an investigation of diffusion coatings of other metals, such as manganese, uranium, and zirconium would prove to be quite profitable. Zirconium diffusion coatings are of special interest since it is a highly corrosion resistant metal which seemingly is impossible to deposit by electrolytic methods from aqueous solutions. A process similar to the ones used for titanium was used to deposit manganese, uranium, and zirconium diffusion coatings. Chromium was also included to serve as a comparison with the other diffusion coatings, since these coatings have undergone extensive investigation and many data are in the literature. A metal plate was used as the source of the coating metal, thus minimizing the oxidation problem associated with the use of metal powders --Introduction, pages 1-3