Monitoring of the “Energiewende” – energy efficiency indicators for Germany

The increasing number of energy and climate targets both at national and international level induces a rising demand for regular monitoring. In this paper, we analyse the possibilities and limits of using energy efficiency indicators as a tool for monitoring these targets. We refer to the energy efficiency targets of the German “Energiewende” and calculate and discuss several energy efficiency indicators for Germany both at the level of the overall economy and the main energy consumption sectors. We make use of the energy efficiency indicator toolbox that we have developed within the ODYSSEE database in recent years and find that there is still a considerable gap to close to achieve the overall energy efficiency targets in Germany by 2020. We also show that progress in energy efficiency slowed down between 2008 and 2012, i.e. compared to the base year of most of the German energy efficiency targets and find that energy efficiency progress in the industrial sector during the last decade has been especially slow. We conclude that improvements in energy efficiency have to speed up considerably in order to achieve the targets for 2020. Although the use of energy efficiency indicators is limited by data constraints and some methodological problems, these indicators give a deep insight into the factors determining energy consumption and can therefore complement the official monitoring process of the German “Energiewende” which only relies on highly aggregated indicators for energy efficiency

Monitoring of Sustainable Development Goal 7 indicators in Latin American countries

This document, prepared by the French Agency for Ecological Transition (ADEME) and the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), is intended to assess the status on energy indicators relating to Goal 7 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in Latin America and the Caribbean. It was prepared in the framework of the “Energy Efficiency Indicators Database” project, which aims to build technical capacities in the countries of the region to monitor progress towards affordable, efficient, safe and modern energy.Executive summary .-- Introduction .-- I. Overall trends .-- II. Energy sector .-- III. Households .-- IV. Transport .-- V. Industry .-- VI. Services .-- VII. Agriculture .-- VIII. Conclusions

La prévision à long terme de la demande d'énergie : propositions méthodologiques

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How to measure the overall energy savings linked to policies and energy services at the national level?

The Energy End-use Efficiency and Energy Services Directive (ESD) of the European Union requires the member states to define and attain an overall target of at least 9 % annual energy savings between 2008 and 2016. Even if this target is indicative, this is the first international framework mandating countries to report on their energy savings results and prove achievement of their targets. The directive thus also required the development of harmonised calculation methods that can be used by member states for this proof and reporting. Existing literature covers most of the usual issues related to energy savings evaluation, but mostly looking at single, given energy efficiency programmes or policies. The evaluation objective for the ESD implementation is different, as it aims at accounting for the whole energy savings achieved in a country. Moreover, one of the main difficulties is the diversity in history and experience on this topic among the member states. In this context, the European project EMEEES has worked out an integrated system of bottom-up and top-down methods for the measurement of energy savings. The paper presents the overview of its final results. The proposals, inter alia, include 20 bottom-up and 14 top-down case applications of general evaluation methods. They enable more than 90 % of the potential energy savings to be measured and reported. They were used as a starting point by the European Commission to develop the methods recently recommended to the member states. Furthermore, the paper briefly discusses the importance of the quantity to be measured-all or additional energy savings - and the effect of measures implemented before the entering into force of the ESD ("early action"), and what this meant for the methods to be developed. It compares the main elements of calculation needed to ensure consistent results between bottom-up and top-down methods at the overall national level. Finally, general conclusions are drawn about what could be the next steps in developing an evaluation system that enables a high degree of comparability of results between different countries

Reviewing successful and/or innovative policies to drive an energy efficiency strategy: case study for France

International audienceInformation available worldwide about energy efficiency policies and programmes has become very large. A major problem for practitioners is how to use this huge material for improving their own strategies and practices. On the one hand, there would be thousands of pages to explore, which is highly time consuming and therefore unachievable for implementers. On the other hand, there are platforms where practitioners may share their experience (e.g. ECEEE, Concerted Actions). However energy efficiency activities are now so diverse that it is impossible to cover all sources of experience feedback. And due to practical constraints, the exchanges are often reduced to bilateral contacts on a few cases.This paper presents the results and conclusions from a study for a national agency whose objectives were to build a catalogue of innovative energy efficiency measures (including experience feedbacks from policy implementers), highlighting their potential and the degree to which they could be transferred into another national context. A grading system, taking into account several factors (e.g. public cost, leverage effect) was used to compare and rank 47 measures, so that the practitioners can easily detect their strengths and weaknesses. In parallel, qualitative analyses remain critical to take account of the specificities.The high-grade measures were mostly detected in the industry and transport, mainly because the ones in the residential sector require more public investments. New requirements for rented dwellings, block-by-block refurbishments, innovative third-party financing and networks for benchmarking and experience sharing are among the most promising measures.The results of the study were used by the practitioners to improve their knowledge on abroad innovative policies implementable in France and that could be proposed in the future. As the government is often requesting proposals of new measures under very short time limit, this resource is then very useful

A comprehensive indicator set for measuring multiple benefits of energy efficiency

In this paper, we develop a quantitative indicator approach including 20 indicators to measure the multiple benefits of energy efficiency (MB-EE). The MB-EEs are classified into three groups: environmental (e.g. energy savings, emissions), economic (e.g. GDP, employment), and social (health, energy poverty) aspects. We explain the methodological approach, the underlying data sources and limitations. The indicator set has been applied to 29 countries (EU28 plus Norway) for the period 2000 to 2015, proving that it allows to conduct in-depth comparisons of developments and differences across Europe. The indicator set also supports the design of well-suited energy policies by allowing to take into account, on an informed basis, more of the multiple impacts of energy efficiency. For example, our analysis of the effect of energy savings for the period 2000 to 2015 in Germany shows GHG savings of about 158 MtCO2eq., about 30,000 avoided deaths due to less air pollution, a reduction of Germany's import dependency by 5.8 percentage points and a growth of GDP by around 0.3% per year for the period 2010 to 2015) as a consequence of improved energy efficiency. To conclude, the presented approach allows to comprehensively and regularly assess policies in terms of their MB-EEs

How to measure the overall energy savings linked to policies and energy services at the national level?

From 2006 to 2009, the European project EMEEES, with 21 partners and co-ordinated by the Wuppertal Institute, has worked out an integrated system of bottom-up and top-down methods for the measurement of energy savings. This is to support the implementation of Energy End-use Efficiency and Energy Services Directive of the European Union. The Directive required the development of harmonised calculation methods to be used by Member States to prove that they attain the overall target of 9 % annual energy savings by 2016. The paper presents the overview of the final results on the methods developed by the EMEEES project. The proposals, inter alia, include 20 bottom-up and 14 top-down case applications of general evaluation methods. They enable more than 90 % of the potential energy savings to be measured and reported and were used as a starting point by the European Commission to develop the final methods to be used by Member States – a still ongoing process. Furthermore, the paper briefly discusses the importance of the quantity to be measured – all or additional energy savings – and the effect of past measures (‘early action’), and what this meant for the methods to be developed. It compares the main elements of calculation needed to ensure consistent results between bottom-up and top-down methods at the overall national level. Finally, general conclusions are drawn from the findings of EMEEES about what could be the next steps in developing an evaluation system that enables a high degree of comparability of results between different countries

How much energy saving is 1 % per year? : We still don t know, but we know better how to find out

A crucial prerequisite for the successful implementation of the Energy Service Directive (ESD) is the availability of harmonised calculation methods for the energy savings achieved. Such methods will enable the Member States to prove that they attain the overall target of 9% or more energy savings by 2016. Since 2006, the EMEEES project, implemented under the European Commission’s Intelligent Energy Europe programme by 21 partners and co-ordinated by the Wuppertal Institute, has worked on a set of 20 bottom-up and 14 top-down evaluation methods. It developed (1) an integrated system of bottom-up and top-down methods for the evaluation of energy services and other energy efficiency improvement measures; and (2) a set of harmonised default values for the methods. The paper presents the overview of the final results on EMEEES’ methods. It discusses the importance of measurement for the effectiveness of the ESD, looking at the quantity to be measured – all or additional energy savings – and early action. It compares the main elements of calculation needed to ensure consistent results between bottom-up and top-down methods and presents how EU Member States can prove achievement of ESD targets by EMEEES’ methods. It also includes preliminary results from field tests of some of the developed methods. Finally, general conclusions are drawn, e.g., about the difficulties and opportunities of doing research within a political environment with such a mixed consortium, and of trying to reach consensus or compromises in developing a harmonised evaluation system