Early Fetal Loss in the Emergency Department and Nurses’ Perceptions of Care: Implementation of a Framework for Care

Women and families widely report dissatisfaction with miscarriage care received in the emergency department (ED). Nurses in the ED are not formally trained in principles of perinatal bereavement, including meeting the complex psychological needs of clients experiencing the loss of an early pregnancy. Nurses may lack the confidence, preparedness, and knowledge needed to care for these clients holistically. This project hypothesized ED nurses’ perceptions (knowledge, confidence, and preparedness) would improve subsequent to education and implementation of an evidence-based framework for care. Emergency department nurses’ perceptions (knowledge, confidence, and preparedness) of care significantly increased after education and implementation of an evidence-based education framework for care. There was a significant increase in the nurses’ post-survey perception of knowledge (paired t-test 2.4398, P-value 0.01106, M= 3.038462, SD= 0.958364) compared to pre-survey knowledge (M= 2.653846, SD= 0.8458041). There was a significant increase in the nurses’ post-survey perception of confidence (paired t-test 2.5754, P-value 0.008157, M= 3.269231, SD= 0.9615692) compared to pre-survey confidence (M= 2.769231, SD= 0.9922779). There was a significant increase in the nurses’ post-survey perception of preparedness (paired t-test 1.9174, P-value 0.03334, M= 3.076923, SD= 1.055389) compared to pre-survey preparedness (M= 2.692308, SD= 1.086986). Keywords: fetal loss, miscarriage, spontaneous abortion, pregnancy loss, perinatal loss, emergency department, emergency room, nurses, healthcare professionals, clients, patients, experiences, and perceptions

Monte Carlo based techniques for quantum magnets with long-range interactions

Long-range interactions are relevant for a large variety of quantum systems in quantum optics and condensed matter physics. In particular, the control of quantum-optical platforms promises to gain deep insights in quantum-critical properties induced by the long-range nature of interactions. From a theoretical perspective, long-range interactions are notoriously complicated to treat. Here, we give an overview of recent advancements to investigate quantum magnets with long-range interactions focusing on two techniques based on Monte Carlo integration. First, the method of perturbative continuous unitary transformations where classical Monte Carlo integration is applied within the embedding scheme of white graphs. This linked-cluster expansion allows to extract high-order series expansions of energies and observables in the thermodynamic limit. Second, stochastic series expansion quantum Monte Carlo which enables calculations on large finite systems. Finite-size scaling can then be used to determine physical properties of the infinite system. In recent years, both techniques have been applied successfully to one- and two-dimensional quantum magnets involving long-range Ising, XY, and Heisenberg interactions on various bipartite and non-bipartite lattices. Here, we summarise the obtained quantum-critical properties including critical exponents for all these systems in a coherent way. Further, we review how long-range interactions are used to study quantum phase transitions above the upper critical dimension and the scaling techniques to extract these quantum critical properties from the numerical calculations.Comment: 141 pages, 38 figure

Quantum-critical properties of the one- and two-dimensional random transverse-field Ising model from large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations

We study the ferromagnetic transverse-field Ising model with quenched disorder at $T = 0$ in one and two dimensions by means of stochastic series expansion quantum Monte Carlo simulations using a rigorous zero-temperature scheme. Using a sample-replication method and averaged Binder ratios, we determine the critical shift and width exponents $ν_\mathrm{s}$ and $ν_\mathrm{w}$ as well as unbiased critical points by finite-size scaling. Further, scaling of the disorder-averaged magnetisation at the critical point is used to determine the order-parameter critical exponent $β$ and the critical exponent $ν_{\mathrm{av}}$ of the average correlation length. The dynamic scaling in the Griffiths phase is investigated by measuring the local susceptibility in the disordered phase and the dynamic exponent $z\u27$ is extracted. By applying various finite-size scaling protocols, we provide an extensive and comprehensive comparison between the different approaches on equal footing. The emphasis on effective zero-temperature simulations resolves several inconsistencies in existing literature.46 pages, 28 figure

REGULAR VLSI STRUCTURES.

The use of regular (iterative) architectures that are modularly structured and arbitrarily extendable is suggested as a way to reduce design costs. Following a discussion of the factors that make regular structure desirable, their characteristics are examined. The author highlights the distinct characteristics of regular structures by marking a few specific points of difference to common circuits.Conference Pape