Men\u27s Basketball Uniforms Throughout History

https://digitalcommons.providence.edu/dwc_202C31_2023/1000/thumbnail.jp

A WILLINGNESS TO PLAY: ANALYSIS OF WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

Economic analysis shows that the Central Arizona Project will be a poor investment from the point of view of individual farmers. Yet farmers support the Project. In this study of the economics and politics of the CAP, farmers are questioned as to their information, perceptions and motivations. Farmers are willing to play – not necessarily to pay.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

An analysis of the United States Maritime Industry and its ability to meet National Security Strategy requirements

The mariner pool was not an issue of concern until Operations Desert Shield/Desert Storm brought about the largest fleet activation since the Vietnam Conflict. To meet Ready Reserve Force crewing requirements during the Gulf War, mariners from the Great Lakes and retired mariners ranging up to eighty years of age were mobilized. Additionally, Military Sealift Command had to hire as many as 162 foreign-flag ships to supplement its sealift capabilities. This raised concerns over the mariner pool and its effects on national sealift capabilities in terms of the national defense strategy. However, there is no organization that can state and validate the number of United States merchant mariners. The objective of this study is to determine if there are enough qualified merchant mariners to meet the crewing requirements brought on by two nearly simultaneous major theater wars without sacrificing manning levels in the commercial fleet. Part of this project also analyzed the maritime industry to determine the causes of the mariner shortage. Although research did not yield the data necessary to determine actual size of the mariner pool. estimates suggest that the number of mariners available is not sufficient to fulfill surge requirements in support of national sealift strategy.http://archive.org/details/annalysisofunite109451084

Theoretical Models for Classical Cepheids: IV. Mean Magnitudes and Colors and the Evaluation of Distance, Reddening and Metallicity

We discuss the metallicity effect on the theoretical visual and near-infrared PL and PLC relations of classical Cepheids, as based on nonlinear, nonlocal and time--dependent convective pulsating models at varying chemical composition. In view of the two usual methods of averaging (magnitude-weighted and intensity-weighted) observed magnitudes and colors over the full pulsation cycle, we briefly discuss the differences between static and mean quantities. We show that the behavior of the synthetic mean magnitudes and colors fully reproduces the observed trend of Galactic Cepheids, supporting the validity of the model predictions. In the second part of the paper we show how the estimate of the mean reddening and true distance modulus of a galaxy from Cepheid VK photometry depend on the adopted metal content, in the sense that larger metallicities drive the host galaxy to lower extinctions and distances. Conversely, self-consistent estimates of the Cepheid mean reddening, distance and metallicity may be derived if three-filter data are taken into account. By applying the theoretical PL and PLC relations to available BVK data of Cepheids in the Magellanic Clouds we eventually obtain Z \sim 0.008, E(B-V) \sim 0.02 mag, DM \sim 18.63 mag for LMC and Z \sim 0.004, E(B-V) \sim 0.01 mag., DM \sim 19.16 mag. for SMC. The discrepancy between such reddenings and the current values based on BVI data is briefly discussed.Comment: 16 pages, 11 postscript figures, accepted for publication on Ap

The Shape and Scale of Galactic Rotation from Cepheid Kinematics

A catalog of Cepheid variables is used to probe the kinematics of the Galactic disk. Radial velocities are measured for eight distant Cepheids toward l = 300; these new Cepheids provide a particularly good constraint on the distance to the Galactic center, R_0. We model the disk with both an axisymmetric rotation curve and one with a weak elliptical component, and find evidence for an ellipticity of 0.043 +/- 0.016 near the Sun. Using these models, we derive R_0 = 7.66 +/- 0.32 kpc and v_circ = 237 +/- 12 km/s. The distance to the Galactic center agrees well with recent determinations from the distribution of RR Lyrae variables, and disfavors most models with large ellipticities at the solar orbit.Comment: 36 pages, LaTeX, 10 figure

New viruses found in fig exhibiting mosaic symptoms

Mosaic is the most widespread viral disease of fig, affecting the crop wherever it is grown. The causal agent of the disease was poorly characterized and until recently it was considered a virus-like agent with double membrane bound semispherical bodies transmitted by eriophyid mites. During the molecular characterization of the Fig mosaic virus we discovered two new closteroviruses and a new badnavirus affecting the tree used in our studies. The characterization and presence of the three new viruses in mosaic-affected plants is the subject of this communication. Keywords: Fig mosaic, Emaravirus, Closterovirus, Badnaviru

The mysterious eruption of V838 Mon

V838 Mon is marking one of the most mysterious stellar outbursts on record. The spectral energy distribution of the progenitor resembles an under-luminous F main sequence star (at V=15.6 mag), that erupted into a cool supergiant following a complex and multi-maxima lightcurve (peaking at V=6.7 mag). The outburst spectrum show BaII, LiI and lines of several s-elements, with wide P-Cyg profiles and a moderate and retracing emission in the Balmer lines. A light-echo discovered expanding around the object helped to constrain the distance (d=790+/-30 pc), providing M_V=+4.45 in quiescence and M_V=-4.35 at optical maximum (somewhat dependent on the still uncertain E(B-V)=0.5 reddening). The general outburst trend is toward lower temperatures and larger luminosities, and continuing so at the time of writing. The object properties conflict with a classification within already existing categories: the progenitor was not on a post-AGB track and thus the similarities with the born-again AGB stars FG Sge, V605 Aql and Sakurai's object are limited to the cool giant spectrum at maximum; the cool spectrum, the moderate wind velocity (500 km/sec and progressively reducing) and the monotonic decreasing of the low ionization condition argues against a classical nova scenario. The closest similarity is with a star that erupted into an M-type supergiant discovered in M31 by Rich et al. (1989), that became however much brighter by peaking at M_V=-9.95, and with V4332 Sgr that too erupted into an M-type giant (Martini et al. 1999) and that attained a lower luminosity, closer to that of V838 Mon. M31-RedVar, V4332 Sgr and V838 Mon could be manifestations of the same and new class of astronomical objects.Comment: A&A, in pres

A delta Scuti distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud

We present results from a well studied delta Scuti star discovered in the LMC. The absolute magnitude of the variable was determined from the PL relation for Galactic delta Scuti stars and from the theoretical modeling of the observed B,V,I light curves. The two methods give distance moduli for the LMC of 18.46+-0.19 and 18.48+-0.15, respectively, for a consistent value of the stellar reddening of E(B-V)=0.08+-0.02. We have also analyzed 24 delta Scuti candidates discovered in the OGLE II survey of the LMC, and 7 variables identified in the open cluster LW 55 and in the galaxy disk by Kaluzny et al. (2003, 2006). We find that the LMC delta Scuti stars define a PL relation whose slope is very similar to that defined by the Galactic delta Scuti variables, and yield a distance modulus for the LMC of 18.50+-0.22 mag. We compare the results obtained from the delta Scuti variables with those derived from the LMC RR Lyrae stars and Cepheids. Within the observational uncertainties, the three groups of pulsating stars yield very similar distance moduli. These moduli are all consistent with the "long" astronomical distance scale for the Large Magellanic Cloud.Comment: Accepted for publication on A

Diatom evidence for tsunami inundation from Lagoon Creek, a coastal freshwater pond, Del Norte County, California

Thesis (M.S.)--Humboldt State University, Environmental Systems: Geology, 1998Diatoms preserved in sand layers deposited in a coastal freshwater pond in Del Norte County, California, record repeated inundation by tsunamis. The pond deposits at Lagoon Creek contain primarily peat interbedded with landward-thinning and landward-fining layers of sand. Diatom samples from six vibracores confirm that the peat formed in a primarily freshwater environment. The sand layers, however, contain allochthonous marine diatom species, and in some cases allochthonous brackish-marine diatom species in muddy rip-up clasts. Many of the marine diatoms found in the sand sheets are also found living in the surf zone of the modern beach adjacent to the site. The brackish-marine diatoms consist of many species that are also found living on modern intertidal mudflats. \ud Marine diatoms have been found in sand layers as far inland as 1,400 m, allowing an estimate of landward inundation during tsunami events at the site. The brackish-marine mudflat species are interpreted to have lived in a short-lived saline layer at the bottom of the pond that was emplaced during tsunami inundation events. \ud Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating of primarily twigs and spruce cones indicates that the pond sediment record spans approximately 3,000 years of deposition. Additional age control came from the identification of the 0.93 - 1.3 ka tephra from Little Glass Mountain, deposited between two of the sand layers. Ages from the sand layers agree well with ages documented for tsunamis and earthquakes in tidal wetland stratigraphy and lakes elsewhere along the Cascadia subduction zone