Giving Up the Microphone: The White Racial Framing of Race

Drawing from Joe Feagin’s white racial frame, the study employs critical discourse and framing analysis to examine ways in which two national newsprints- the New York Times and Washington Post- reinforced the framing of race in coverage of Trayvon Martin and the Black Lives Matter movement. Results showed that the news coverage reflected an encompassing pro-white/anti-Black master-frame that presented Black Americans as: inadequate, lawless, criminal, sassy, hypersexual, threatening, and biologically different. The news stories also contributed to the media’s conceptualization of race within a paradigm of a liberty-and-justice American myth narrative. Conversely, whites were presented favorably as “protectors” and “virtuous.” Episodic coverage was dominant in reports of Trayvon Martin and Black Lives Matter that often rationalized hardships, even one’s own death. In order to understand how the white racial frame in the media transitions over time, an exploratory comparison was then implemented with historical coverage from 1955-1969 of the Civil Rights Movement and its catalyst, the Emmett Till murder. This exploration revealed dominant racial frames used during the Civil Rights Movement that were surprisingly similar to those of the Black lives Matter movement. However, there were some differences in the racial rhetoric within the white racial frame that transformed from overt to covert, and thus presented race as more violent, more radical, and more inferior during the Civil Rights Movement than the Black Lives Matter movement today. The transformation of racial frames informs the Symbolic Racism Theory by revealing that racism or racial framing in the media has not absolved, nor has it lessened, but has merely been redesigned in ways that link racism indirectly to whites’ policy preferences and white ideologies. And, while this new racist framing certainly perpetuates racism, it does so 3 without explicitly referencing race. Few differences in framing between the two news sources call into question the interconnectedness of U.S. mass media as a “propaganda model,” and U.S. political commentary as a “two-party horse race” in making salient the racial frames that ratify the general interest of the economic elite, in whom they are indebted. In addition, the white racial frame served to silence racial activism by employing sub-frames of guilty/innocent, post-racial, fear mongering, obedience, and criminalization of racial activism, with only meagre opportunity and space for Black counter-frames from everyday Black citizens to decriminalize race. The study calls into question the modern mythicizing of Civil Rights Movement as the “model nonviolent movement,” as well as the modern idolizing of its leader, Martin Luther King, Jr. as problematic to the maintenance of the modern Black Lives Matter movement. Emergent findings, implications for navigating racial frames around the confines of the media, and future research are discussed

Training Family Science Faculty in CORE Communication

As a whole and regardless of major, university graduates with interpersonal competence (also defined as soft skills) are viewed as more employable (Finch, Hamilton, Baldwin, & Zehner, 2013; Robles, 2012), yet interpersonal competence is not often recognized as a part of discipline specific knowledge (Chamorro-Premuzic, Arteche, Bremner, Greven, & Furnham, 2010). While important to employability in general, interpersonal competence is particularly crucial for those students in social science majors who intend to have a career serving individuals and families. The Family Science (FS) program in the Department of Family and Consumer Sciences directly addresses the need for interpersonal competence through the implementation of CORE COMMUNICATION (CC) training (Miller, 1971; Miller & Miller, 2011; Miller, Nunnally, & Wackman, 1976) in the FCS 3180 Intimate Relationships course

Geographical Analysis of US Green Sector Industry Concentration

This paper analyzes the geographic distribution of “green energy” sector clustering in the lower 48 United States using recent developments in industry concentration analysis. Evidence suggests that the ten green energy subsectors and the aggregate of the firms comprising the green energy sector are regionally concentrated. Positive changes in industry concentration from 2002 to 2006 tended to be greatest in non-metropolitan counties, suggesting comparative advantage with respect to site location for the composite of firms making up these sectors.Agglomeration, Location Quotient, Renewable Energy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Industrial Organization, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,

Visual filtering in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) refers to a spectrum of effects resulting from prenatal exposure to alcohol (PEA). Attention problems are considered common among children with PEA. In this study, a specific aspect of visual attending, filtering, was examined among children with FASD with both an experimental flanker task and clinical subtests. On the flanker task, the participants responded to centrally presented arrows while ignoring distracter arrows that sometimes appeared to the left and right of the target. These distracters were either congruent or incongruent with the target. The attentional demands of the task were manipulated in this study, as an increase in attentional demand decreased developmental differences in filtering efficiency in previous studies. Immature cognitive control, as a potential explanation for inefficient filtering, was also explored among children with FASD. The methodological issues of differing levels of prenatal alcohol exposure and lower developmental level were considered. The 14 children with FASD were diagnosed with an alcohol-related disorder based on the Canadian Diagnostic Guidelines (Chudley et al., 2005), and matched on mental age, as assessed with the Leiter International Performance Scale – Revised, with typically developing (TD) children. The group of children with FASD displayed behavioural symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, but did not demonstrate visual filtering difficulties in general. The findings suggest that difficulties in filtering may be evident for children with FASD later in development. An increase in both the attentional demands of the task and the flanker distance appeared to be helpful. The children with FASD demonstrated difficulties with cognitive control, specifically with attention switching and working memory. They demonstrated a larger increase in reaction time (RT) to target-only displays when they were presented within a block of trials with flanker and no-flanker displays. The RT to these target-only displays was similar to the RT to incongruent distracter displays. These findings support cognitive control deficits. The possibility that unexpected visual displays are particularly disruptive for children with FASD is also discussed.L'ensemble des troubles causés par l'alcoolisation foetale (ETCAF) fait référence à un éventail d'effets résultant de l'exposition prénatale à l'alcool (EPA). Les problèmes d'attention sont considérés communs chez les enfants avec une EPA. Dans cette étude, le filtrage visuel a été examiné chez les enfants atteints de l'ETCAF avec une tâche expérimentale conçue pour mesurer l'efficacité de filtrage et des sous-tests cliniques. À la tâche expérimentale, les participants ont répondu aux flèches présentées de manière centralisée tout en ignorant les stimuli de distraction (SD) apparaissant parfois à gauche ou à droite de la cible. Ces SD étaient conciliables ou inconciliables avec la cible. Les exigences attentionnelles de la tâche ont été manipulées dans cette étude, car une augmentation de la demande attentionnelle diminuait les différences de développement dans le filtrage, selon des études antérieures. Un contrôle cognitif immature, étant une explication potentielle pour le filtrage inefficace, a aussi été exploré chez les enfants atteints de l'ETCAF. Les questions méthodologiques de niveaux différents d'EPA et de développement de niveau inférieur ont été examinées. Les 14 enfants atteints de l'ETCAF ont été diagnostiqués selon les lignes directrices canadiennes concernant le diagnostic (Chudley et coll., 2005) et correspondant à l'âge mental avec des enfants ayant un développement typique (DT). Le groupe d'enfants atteints de l'ETCAF démontre des symptômes de comportements THADA, mais ne démontre pas de difficultés de filtrage visuel en général. Les conclusions préliminaires suggèrent que les difficultés de filtrage peuvent être évidentes chez les enfants atteints de l'ETCAF plus tard dans leur développement. Une augmentation dans les exigences de la tâche et de la distance des SD semblait être utile. Les enfants atteints de l'ETCAF ont démontré des difficultés avec le contrôle cognitif, spécialement avec la commutation de l'attention et la mémoire de travail. Le temps de réaction (TR) aux écrans avec la cible était beaucoup plus lent que ceux présentés dans un bloc d'essais avec et sans SD. Le TR à ces écrans était semblable au TR aux écrans avec SD inconciliables. Ces conclusions peuvent refléter un déficit dans les mécanismes de contrôle cognitif. La possibilité que des informations visuelles inattendues soient particulièrement dérangeantes pour les enfants atteints de l'ETCAF est également discutée

What Drives Student Engagement: Is it Learning Space, Instructor Behavior or Teaching Philosophy?

This study investigates how instructor teaching philosophy (traditional vs. constructivist) and type of learning space (traditional vs. active) influences instructor perceptions of student engagement. In a quasi-experimental study, we found that instructors perceived that students were more engaged in the ALC than the traditional classroom. In addition, we found that instructors with a more constructivist philosophy perceived that students were more engaged. On closer analysis, however, the difference in perceived student engagement was only significant between more versus less constructivist philosophy when in the ALC. Finally, we found that the relationship between teaching philosophy and student engagement in the ALC was mediated by instructor behavior

Prospectus, July 10, 1996

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1996/1017/thumbnail.jp

Treatment of Potted Zebra Plant and Inch Plant with Antigibberellin Plant Growth Regulators Slows Stem Elongation in an Interior Green Wall

In commercial interior green walls, plant trimming and replacement necessitated by stem elongation under low interior light levels is labor intensive and costly. Antigibberellin plant growth regulators (PGRs) may slow stem elongation and thus reduce maintenance costs in this environment. In Expt. 1, two PGRs were applied as foliar spray or drench to three spiderwort selections [two of zebra plant (Tradescantia zebrina) and one of inch plant (Tradescantia fluminensis)] immediately before installation in a green wall, each at three rates: ancymidol (ANC) foliar spray at 25, 100, and 200 mg·L−1; paclobutrazol (PBZ) foliar spray at 20, 80, and 160 mg·L−1; and PBZ drench at 1, 4, and 8 mg·L−1, along with an untreated control. In Expt. 2, 80 mg·L−1 PBZ foliar spray, 1 mg·L−1 PBZ applied via subirrigation four times, and the combination of these two treatments, was evaluated on ‘Burgundy’ zebra plant. In both experiments, plants were placed in a vertical modular tray interior green wall. Change in total stem and specific internode length were measured every 14 days after installation for 3 months to calculate growth per month. Antigibberellin application slowed internode elongation of spiderwort selections during the first month after installation. Antigibberellins were more effective in zebra plant at reducing overall stem growth rate and less so on inch plant. Across the three spiderwort selections, 25 mg·L−1 foliar spray of ANC resulted in no difference in growth rate when compared with the control, although 100 to 200 mg·L−1 foliar spray was effective. Based on the results of both experiments, moderate and high rates of PBZ, applied both as a foliar spray and drench, resulted in similar reduction in stem elongation. PBZ applied as 20 to 80 mg·L−1 foliar spray, 4 mg·L−1 drench before installation in the wall, or a combination of an 80 mg·L−1 PBZ pre-installation foliar spray and recurring 1 mg·L−1 via subirrigation (four times) were effective at growth suppression of spiderworts for at least 3 months. Even rates of PBZ of 160 mg·L−1 foliar spray or 8 mg·L−1 drench did not show phytotoxicity in treated plants and could be considered for use. We recommend a pre-installation application of 80 mg·L−1 foliar spray or 4 mg·L−1 drench for controlling stem growth across spiderwort selections. Application of antigibberellin PGRs to plants before installation in green walls slows stem growth and can contribute to reduced maintenance costs

Context and Considerations for the Development of Community-Informed Health Communication Messaging to Support Equitable Uptake of COVID-19 Vaccines Among Communities of Color in Washington, DC.

BACKGROUND: Communities of color have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19. We explored barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccine uptake among African American, Latinx, and African immigrant communities in Washington, DC. METHODS: A total of 76 individuals participated in qualitative interviews and focus groups, and 208 individuals from communities of color participated in an online crowdsourcing contest. RESULTS: Findings documented a lack of sufficient, accurate information about COVID-19 vaccines and questions about the science. African American and African immigrant participants spoke about the deeply rooted historical underpinnings to their community\u27s vaccine hesitancy, citing the prior and ongoing mistreatment of people of color by the medical community. Latinx and African immigrant participants highlighted how limited accessibility played an important role in the slow uptake of COVID-19 vaccines in their communities. Connectedness and solidarity found were found to be key assets that can be drawn upon through community-driven responses to address social-structural challenges to COVID-19 related vaccine uptake. CONCLUSIONS: The historic and ongoing socio-economic context and realities of communities of color must be understood and respected to inform community-based health communication messaging to support vaccine equity for COVID-19 and other infectious diseases