THE SUCCESS OF FRANCHISING IN SLOVENIA AND CROATIA

V diplomskem projektu smo se osredotočili na franšizno poslovanje v Sloveniji in na Hrvaškem ter primerjali njuno uspešnost v poslovanju. Franšizing je poslovni model, ki se lahko uporablja v različnih industrijah – od prodaje na drobno, do različnih profesionalnih služb – kot način rasti in širitve poslovanja podjetnikov, ki so razvili in standardizirali svoje dejavnosti, ali kot vstop v podjetništvo in samozaposlovanje za podjetnike začetnike. Obstaja mnogo definicij in vrst franšiz, z nekaterimi se bomo srečali tudi v nadaljevanju tega dela. Franšizno poslovanje ima velik vpliv na svetovno gospodarstvo z ustvarjanjem novih delovnih mest, gospodarske modernizacije, prenosa tehnologije ter s pridobivanjem novih dinamičnih veščin in sposobnosti ter z razvojem malih in srednje velikih podjetij. Število zaposlenih v franšizingu je veliko na vseh celinah, največ pa jih je v ZDA in Evropi. Namen te naloge je predstaviti pojem franšizinga, opredeliti zgodovino in razvoj franšiznega poslovanja, opredeliti oblike franšiznega poslovanja, predstaviti franšizno poslovanje v Sloveniji in na Hrvaškem ter predstaviti sklepe, ki smo jih dobili z raziskavo, kako uspešno je poslovanje v Sloveniji ter na Hrvaškem. Za ugotovitve zastavljenih hipotez smo naredili tabelarične in grafične prikaze podatkov, na podlagi katerih smo podali odgovore nanje.In this project we focused on the franchice business in Slovenia and Croatia and we compared their performance in operation. Franchising is a business model that can be used in various industries – from retail sales to a variety of professional services – as a way of growth and expansion of business enterprenurs who develop and standardize their activities or enter into entreprenurship and self-employment for entrepreneurs beginners. There are many definitions and types of franchise, with certain we will meet later in this project. Franchise has a huge impact on the world economy by creating new jobs, economic modernization, technology transfer and the acquisition of new dynamic skills and abilities and the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Number of employees in franchising is a lot in all continents, but mainly in the US and Europe. The main goals of this project are to present the concept of franchising, to define franchising, to present history and development of the franchise business, identify the forms of franchising, to present Slovenian and Croatian franchise operations, as well as to present the conclusions, which were obrained through a survey how successful in the franchise business in Slovenia and Croatia. We gave answer to hypotheses based on tabular and graphical presentations of financial reports

Leasing as a source of financing of fixed assets in companies

Lizing, pojem, ki smo ga pred drugo svetovno vojno le redko srečevali, je v zadnjem času eksplodiral po vsem svetu. Lizing je oblika financiranja premičnin in nepremičnin za določeno časovno obdobje, ki je vnaprej določeno. V večini se za financiranje odločajo fizične osebe, seveda pa nikakor ne manjka tudi pravnih oseb. V magistrski nalogi smo predstavili vrste virov financiranja, podrobneje opisali lizing kot enega izmed virov financiranja in na primeru predstavili razliko med operativnim in finančnim lizingom. S pomočjo statističnih podatkov ZBS smo ugotovili, kako se je lizing razvijal v obdobju petih let (2016–2020). V empiričnem delu magistrske naloge smo se osredotočili na analizo anketnih vprašalnikov. Anketa je bila izvedena v naključno izbranih podjetjih po Sloveniji, z različnimi dejavnostmi, prihodki, kapitalom in velikostjo. Anketiranje je potekalo s pomočjo spletne strani 1KA. Podatke, ki smo jih prejeli z anketo, smo analizirali s pomočjo statističnega programa SPSS. S pridobljenimi rezultati smo preverili veljavnost postavljene hipoteze: H1: Lizing predstavlja pogost vir financiranja podjetij v Sloveniji. Z raziskavo smo želeli ugotoviti, ali je lizing kot vir financiranja v podjetjih pogosta oblika financiranja ali ne. Z anketnim vprašalnikom smo prejeli tudi podatke, katero obliko lizinga podjetja uporabljajo v večini, zakaj se in zakaj se ne odločajo za lizing ter kaj je predmet njihovega financiranja. Zbrali smo podatke, koliko dolgoročnih in kratkoročnih finančnih obveznosti podjetja namenijo za lizing, kredit in za druge finančne obveznosti. Rezultati so nas pripeljali do ugotovitve, da lizing kljub prepoznavnosti ni pogost vir financiranja v podjetjih.Leasing, a concept we rarely encountered before World War II, has recently exploded around the world. Leasing is a form of financing real estates and movables for a certain period of time, which is determined in advance. Financing is mostly chosen by natural persons, but this type of financing is also popular for legal entities. In the master’s thesis we presented types of sources of financing, described leasing as one of the sources of financing and presented the difference between operating and financial leasing on example. With the help of ZBS statistics, we found out how leasing developed over a period of five years (2016 – 2020). In the empirical part of the master’s thesis, we focused on the analysis of survey questionnaires. The survey was conducted in randomly selected companies across Slovenia, with different activities, revenues, capital and size. The survey was conducted using the 1KA website. The data obtained from the survey were analyzed using the statistic program SPSS. With the obtained results we checked the validity of the hypothesis: H1: Leasing is a common source of financing for companies in Slovenia. The research was intended to determine whether leasing is common source of financing in companies or not. With survey questionnaire we also received information about what form of leasing companies use in the majority, why they do and why they do not decide for leasing and what is usually subject of their financing. We collected data on how many long-term and short-term financial liabilities the companies allocate for leasing, credit and other financial liabilities. The results led us to the conclusion that leasing, despite its visibility, in not a common source of financing in companies