Reinforcement Calculation of Circular and Annular Cross Section

Circular and annular cross-section is one of the more common cross-section forms, such as water towers, piers, etc. But reinforcement calculation of these crosssections is dual, the nonlinearity in width change and the nonlinear stress-strain relationship of concrete and reinforcement, which brings inconvenience to the calculation. In this paper, the corresponding calculation formulas are analytically derived and practical design charts (nomograms) are obtained. Based on stress-stain curve of concrete and reinforcement, five strain distribution regions were constructed. Via strains stress can be determined and then via the stress internal force can be computed, without application of the traditional equivalent rectangular stress block in concrete compression zone. The obtained dimensionless design charts can be applied to all load cases, such as uniform tension, tension with a small and large eccentricity, pure bending, compression with a large and small eccentricity and uniform compression. The calculation by using the design charts is simple and quick

The role of monocytes in thrombotic diseases: a review

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the number one killer threatening people's life and health, among which cardiovascular thrombotic events are the most common. As the cause of particularly serious cardiovascular events, thrombosis can trigger fatal crises such as acute coronary syndrome (myocardial infarction and unstable angina), cerebral infarction and so on. Circulating monocytes are an important part of innate immunity. Their main physiological functions are phagocytosis, removal of injured and senescent cells and their debris, and development into macrophages and dendritic cells. At the same time, they also participate in the pathophysiological processes of pro-coagulation and anticoagulation. According to recent studies, monocytes have been found to play a significant role in thrombosis and thrombotic diseases of the immune system. In this manuscript, we review the relationship between monocyte subsets and cardiovascular thrombotic events and analyze the role of monocytes in arterial thrombosis and their involvement in intravenous thrombolysis. Finally, we summarize the mechanism and therapeutic regimen of monocyte and thrombosis in hypertension, antiphospholipid syndrome, atherosclerosis, rheumatic heart disease, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis, and diabetic nephropathy