Quantitative Bestimmung von gasfoermigen Beimengungen in der Luft mit Halbleitersensoren Abschlussbericht. Abschlussdatum: April 1981

SIGLETIB: AC 7130 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

High ultrasensitive serum C-reactive protein may be related to freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease patients

COPPADIS Study Group.C-reactive protein (CRP) is a biomarker of systemic inflammation that has been linked to accelerated decline in walking speed in older adults. The aim of the present study was to compare the CRP levels of PD patients with vs patients without freezing of gait (FOG). Patients and controls participating in the COPPADIS-2015 study that performed blood extraction for determining molecular serum biomarkers were included. Patients with FOG were identified as those with a score of 1 or greater on item-3 of the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOG-Q). Immunoassay was used for determining ultrasensitive CRP (US-CRP) level (mg/dL). In the PD group (n = 225; 61.8 ± 9.5 years old, 61.8% males), 32% of the patients presented FOG but none in the control group (n = 65; 60.3 ± 6.1 years old, 56.9% males) (p < 0.0001). Differences in US-CRP level were significant in patients with FOG vs patients without FOG and vs controls (0.31 ± 0.52 vs 0.16 ± 0.21 vs 0.21 ± 0.22; p = 0.04). Significant differences were also observed between patients with vs without FOG (p = 0.001) but not between patients and controls (p = 0.163). US-CRP level was related to FOG (OR = 4.369; 95% CI 1.105–17.275; p = 0.036) along with H&Y (OR = 2.974; 95% CI 1.113–7.943; p = 0.030) and non-motor symptoms burden (NMSS total score; OR = 1.017; 95% CI 1.005–1.029; p = 0.006) after adjusting for age, gender, disease duration, equivalent daily levodopa dose, number of non-antiparkinsonian drugs per day, motor fluctuations, cognition, motor phenotype, and chronic use of anti-inflammatory drugs. The present study suggests that serum US-CRP level is related to FOG in PD patients. Inflammation could be linked to FOG development.Santos-García D. has received honoraria for educational presentations and/or advice service by Abbvie, UCB Pharma, Lundbeck, KRKA, Zambon, Bial, and Teva. de Deus Fonticoba T. has received honoraria for educational presentations and advice service by Abbvie. Suárez Castro E: None. Aneiros Díaz A: None. Paz González JM. has received honoraria for educational presentations and/or advice service by UCB Pharma, Lundbeck, KRKA, and Zambon. Feal Panceiras MJ: None. García Sancho C: None. Jesús S. has received honoraria from Abbvie, Bial, Merz, UCB, and Zambon. She holds the competitive contract “Juan Rodés” supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Also, she has received grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (PI18/01898) as well as the Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (PI-0459-2018). Mir P. has received honoraria from Abbvie, Abbott, Allergan, Bial, Merz, UCB, and Zambon. He has received grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [PI16/01575] co-founded by ISCIII (Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación). He also received grants from Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), the Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo de la Junta de Andalucía [CVI-02526, CTS-7685], the Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social de la Junta de Andalucía [PI-0437-2012, PI-0471-2013], the Sociedad Andaluza de Neurología, the Jacques and Gloria Gossweiler Foundation, the Fundación Alicia Koplowitz, and the Fundación Mutua Madrileña. Aguilar M: UCB and Schwabe with assistance to a Congress; Nutricia with assistance to a Congress and payment of lecture. Pastor P: None. Hernández Vara J: has received travel bursaries and educational grants from Abbvie and has received honoraria for educational presentations from Abbvie, Teva, Bial, Zambon, Italfarmaco, and Sanofi-Genzyme. de Fábregues-Boixar O. has received honoraria for educational presentations and advice service by Bial, Zambon, Abbvie, KRKA, and Teva. Puente V. has served as consultant for Abbvie and Zambon; has received grant/research from Abbvie. Crespo Cuevas A: None. González-Aramburu I: None. Infante J. has received travel bursaries and honoraria for educational presentations from Abbvie and Zambon. Carrillo Padilla F. has received honoraria from Zambon (SEN Congress assistance). Pueyo M. has received honoraria from Zambon for educational presentations and SEN Congress assistance and of Medtronic for course assistance. Escalante S. has received honoraria for educational presentations and advice service by Abbvie, Zambon, and Bial. Bernardo N: None. Solano B. has received honoraria for educational presentations and advice service by UCB, Zambon, Teva, Abbvie, and Bial. Cots Foraster A has received honoraria for educational presentations by UCB and Zambon, Has received financial help to Master courses (Master en Trastornos del Movimiento, Ed Viguera, 2017–2018) from UCB an Zambon. Martinez-Martin P: Honoraria: from Editorial Viguera for lecturing in courses; International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society for management of the Program on Rating Scales; Air Liquide, Abbvie, and HM Hospitales de Madrid for advice in clinic-epidemiological studies. License fee payments for the King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain scale

The drop size in membrane emulsification determined from the balance of capillary and hydrodynamic forces

Here, we investigate experimentally and theoretically the factors that determine the size of the emulsion droplets produced by membrane emulsification in "batch regime" (without applied crossflow). Hydrophilic glass membranes of pore diameters between 1 and 10 μm have been used to obtain oil-in-water emulsions. The working surfactant concentrations are high enough to prevent drop coalescence. Under such conditions, the size of the formed drops does not depend on the surfactant type and concentration, on the interfacial tension, or on the increase of viscosity of the inner (oil) phase. The drops are monodisperse when the working transmembrane pressure is slightly above the critical pressure for drop breakup. At higher pressures, the size distribution becomes bimodal: a superposition of a "normal" peak of monodisperse drops and an "anomalous" peak of polydisperse drops is observed. The theoretical model assumes that, at the moment of breakup, the hydrodynamic ejection force acting on the drop is equal to the critical capillary force that corresponds to the stability-instability transition in the drop shape. The derived equations are applied to predict the mean size of the obtained drops in regimes of constant flow rate and constant transmembrane pressure. Agreement between theory and experiment is established for the latter regime, which corresponds to our experimental conditions. The transition from unimodal to bimodal drop size distribution upon increase of the transmembrane pressure can be interpreted in terms of the transition from "dripping" to "jetting" mechanisms of drop detachment. © 2008 American Chemical Society