Case study of the integration of a local health department and a community health center.

As rural communities struggle to sustain health services locally, innovative alternatives to traditional programs are being developed. A significant adaptation is the rural health network or alliance that links local health departments and community health centers. The authors describe how a rural local health department and community health center, the core organizations in publicly sponsored primary care, came to share a building and administrative and service activities. Both the details of this alliance and its development are examined. The case history reveals that circumstance and State involvement were the catalysts for service integration, more so than the need for or the benefits of the arrangement. The closure of a county-owned hospital created a situation in which State officials were able to broker a cooperative agreement between the two agencies. This case study suggests two hypotheses: that need for integrated services alone may not be sufficient to catalyze the development of primary care alliances and that strong policy support may override any local and internal resistance to integration

National Heart Attack Alert Program position paper: chest pain centers and programs for the evaluation of acute cardiac ischemia

The National Heart Attack Alert Program (NHAAP), which is coordinated by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), promotes the early detection and optimal treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction and other acute coronary ischemic syndromes. The NHAAP, having observed the development and growth of chest pain centers in emergency departments with special interest, created a task force to evaluate such centers and make recommendations pertaining to the management of patients with acute cardiac ischemia. This position paper offers recommendations to assist emergency physicians in EDs, including those with chest pain centers, in providing comprehensive care for patients with acute cardiac ischemia

Prevalence of having a regular doctor, associated factors, and the effect on health services utilization: a population-based study in Southern Brazil

In order to assess the prevalence of having a regular doctor, associated factors, and the effects on health services utilization, a cross-sectional study was performed in Rio Grande, Brazil, from January to May 2000. A total of 1,260 individuals 15 years or over were interviewed. Adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, using a Poisson regression model. Some 37% of the sample had a regular doctor. Adjusted analysis revealed a direct and linear association with income. Female gender, age, private health insurance coverage, and chronic health problems were also associated with the outcome. Having a regular physician was associated with a 51% increase in clinical breast examination and a 62% increase in cervical cancer screening during the previous year, as well as a 98% increase in prostate cancer screening in the previous year in men 40 years or over. The study concluded that the prevalence of having a regular doctor in Brazil is low and is directly associated with socioeconomic factors. Individuals with a regular physician tend to have better access to health services. The promotion of consultation with a regular doctor among the population may improve health care quality and health services access, particularly in the poorest groups.Com a finalidade de estudar a prevalência do médico de referência, os fatores associados e seu efeito na utilização de serviços de saúde, foi realizado um estudo transversal, na cidade de Rio Grande, Brasil, entre janeiro e maio de 2000. Um total de 1.260 pessoas com 15 anos ou mais foram entrevistados. Calcularam-se as razões de prevalência e os intervalos de confiança de 95%, utilizando o modelo de Poisson. A prevalência de médico de referência foi de 37%. A análise ajustada mostrou uma associação direta e linear com renda. Sexo feminino, idade, seguro de saúde e problema crônico de saúde também associaram-se com o desfecho. Ter um médico de referência provocou um aumento de 51% na probabilidade de realizar um exame clínico de mama, e de 62% de realizar a prevenção do câncer de colo, durante o último ano. Nos homens, aumentou a probabilidade de realizar um exame de próstata em 98%, para o mesmo período. Pode- se concluir que a prevalência do médico de referência no Brasil é baixa e associada diretamente aos fatores sócio-econômicos. Pessoas com esta caraterística tem melhor acesso a serviços de saúde. A promoção do médico de referência na população pode melhorar o acesso aos serviços de saúde e melhorar a qualidade da atenção, especialmente nos grupos mais pobres