12,605 research outputs found
Attitudes toward and inferred beliefs for religious ingroup/outgroup members: Muslim children of Pakistani heritage in the United Kingdom and Saudi Arabia
The post-9/11 era has seen a surge in writings on âMuslimâ issues in the West, but little is known about Muslim children's perspectives. Attitudes toward, and beliefs about, the religious ingroup and outgroup were examined in the present study with 5â6-year-old Muslims of Pakistani heritage in the United Kingdom (UK) and Saudi Arabia (SA). Participants completed trait attribution and liking tasks and answered questions on God beliefs and religious practice about themselves, Muslims (ingroup) and non-Muslims (outgroup). Participants described ingroup members more positively, liked them more, and inferred that they held more religious beliefs than outgroup members. Liking was positively associated with outgroup liking for UK participants, who described outgroup members more positively with more religious beliefs, compared with SA participants whose ingroup attitudes were negatively associated with outgroup attitudes. Our findings are discussed in the light of theory and research, and implications for education contexts and well-being are considered
Quasi-dark Mode in a Metamaterial for Analogous Electromagnetically-induced Transparency
We study a planar metamaterial supporting electromagnetically-induced
transparency (EIT)-like effect by exploiting the coupling between bright and
quasi-dark eigenmodes. The specific design of such a metamaterial consists of a
cut-wire (CW) and a single-gap split-ring resonator (SRR). From the numerical
and the analytical results we demonstrate that the response of SRR, which is
weakly excited by external electric field, is mitigated to be a quasi-dark
eigenmode in the presence of strongly radiative CW. This result suggests more
relaxed conditions for the realization of devices utilizing the EIT-like
effects in metamaterial, and thereby widens the possibilities for many
different structural implementations.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
Topology design and performance analysis of an integrated communication network
A research study on the topology design and performance analysis for the Space Station Information System (SSIS) network is conducted. It is begun with a survey of existing research efforts in network topology design. Then a new approach for topology design is presented. It uses an efficient algorithm to generate candidate network designs (consisting of subsets of the set of all network components) in increasing order of their total costs, and checks each design to see if it forms an acceptable network. This technique gives the true cost-optimal network, and is particularly useful when the network has many constraints and not too many components. The algorithm for generating subsets is described in detail, and various aspects of the overall design procedure are discussed. Two more efficient versions of this algorithm (applicable in specific situations) are also given. Next, two important aspects of network performance analysis: network reliability and message delays are discussed. A new model is introduced to study the reliability of a network with dependent failures. For message delays, a collection of formulas from existing research results is given to compute or estimate the delays of messages in a communication network without making the independence assumption. The design algorithm coded in PASCAL is included as an appendix
Schubert Polynomials for the affine Grassmannian of the symplectic group
We study the Schubert calculus of the affine Grassmannian Gr of the
symplectic group. The integral homology and cohomology rings of Gr are
identified with dual Hopf algebras of symmetric functions, defined in terms of
Schur's P and Q-functions. An explicit combinatorial description is obtained
for the Schubert basis of the cohomology of Gr, and this is extended to a
definition of the affine type C Stanley symmetric functions. A homology Pieri
rule is also given for the product of a special Schubert class with an
arbitrary one.Comment: 45 page
British Sikhs in complementary schooling: the role of heritage language proficiency and âculture learningâ in ethnic identity and bicultural adaptation
While the debate regarding bilingual benefits persists within the cognitive sciences, education research has documented various functions that heritage languages (HL) serve their speakers through bicultural adaptation. The present study adopted a mixed-methods approach to gauge HL proficiency and use, cultural participation and ethnic and mainstream identities, and to examine multiple perspectives on HL learning with complementary schooling (CS) among British Sikhs. Seventy-four 6- to 15-year-olds completed scales for perceived oral and literate abilities, language use across contexts, British and Sikh identifications, and participation in cultural activities. Children filled in open-ended items, while parents and teachers discussed in interviews and focus groups, their motivations for HL learning and CS experiences. The majority of children self-reported âgoodâ proficiency, which differed between generations as impacted by home use and was associated with cultural participation and Sikh identification. Most children referred to practical utility while most parents regarded culture retention as the dominant motivation for HL learning. Teachers discussed how teaching beyond the second generation and language shifts presented both challenges and opportunities. Still, all parties corroborated on the pertinence of HL maintenance as facilitated by CS through âculture learningâ towards a strong ethnic identity and bicultural adaptation
A one-sided Prime Ideal Principle for noncommutative rings
Completely prime right ideals are introduced as a one-sided generalization of
the concept of a prime ideal in a commutative ring. Some of their basic
properties are investigated, pointing out both similarities and differences
between these right ideals and their commutative counterparts. We prove the
Completely Prime Ideal Principle, a theorem stating that right ideals that are
maximal in a specific sense must be completely prime. We offer a number of
applications of the Completely Prime Ideal Principle arising from many diverse
concepts in rings and modules. These applications show how completely prime
right ideals control the one-sided structure of a ring, and they recover
earlier theorems stating that certain noncommutative rings are domains (namely,
proper right PCI rings and rings with the right restricted minimum condition
that are not right artinian). In order to provide a deeper understanding of the
set of completely prime right ideals in a general ring, we study the special
subset of comonoform right ideals.Comment: 38 page
Spin Degree of Freedom in a Two-Dimensional Electron Liquid
We have investigated correlation between spin polarization and
magnetotransport in a high mobility silicon inversion layer which shows the
metal-insulator transition. Increase in the resistivity in a parallel magnetic
field reaches saturation at the critical field for the full polarization
evaluated from an analysis of low-field Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations. By
rotating the sample at various total strength of the magnetic field, we found
that the normal component of the magnetic field at minima in the diagonal
resistivity increases linearly with the concentration of ``spin-up'' electrons.Comment: 4 pages, RevTeX, 6 eps-figures, to appear in PR
Resolving the Large-N Nuclear Potential Puzzle
The large nuclear potential puzzle arose because three- and
higher-meson exchange contributions to the nucleon-nucleon potential did not
automatically yield cancellations that make these contributions consistent with
the general large scaling rules for the potential. Here it is proposed
that the resolution to this puzzle is that the scaling rules only apply for
energy-independent potentials while all of the cases with apparent
inconsistencies were for energy-dependent potentials. It is shown explicitly
how energy-dependent potentials can have radically different large N behavior
than an equivalent energy-independent one. One class of three-meson graphs is
computed in which the contribution to the energy-independent potential is
consistent with the general large N rules even though the energy-dependent
potential is not.Comment: Corrections to the toy mode
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