Hybrid biomedical intelligent systems

"Copyright © 2012 Maysam Abbod et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited."The purpose of this special issue is to promote research and developments of the best work in the field of hybrid intelligent systems for biomedical applications

Phase II of the ASCE Benchmark Study on SHM

The task group on structural health monitoring of the Dynamic Committee of ASCE was formed in 1999 at the 12 th Engineering Mechanics Conference. The task group has designed a number of analytical studies on a benchmark structure and there are plans to follow these with an experimental program. The first phase of the analytical studies was completed in 2001. The second phase, initiated in the summer of 2001, was formulated in the light of the experience gained on phase I and focuses on increasing realism in the simulation of the discrepancies between the actual structure and the mathematical model used in the analysis. This paper describes the rational that lead the SHM task group to the definition of phase II and presents the details of the cases that are being considered

Direct measurement of penetration length in ultra-thin and/or mesoscopic superconducting structures

We describe a method for direct measurement of the magnetic penetration length in thin (10 - 100 nm) superconducting structures having overall dimensions in the range 1 to 100 micrometers. The method is applicable for broadband magnetic fields from dc to MHz frequencies.Comment: Accepted by Journal of Applied P:hysics (Jun 2006).5 pages, 5 figure

Finite Symmetry of Leptonic Mass Matrices

We search for possible symmetries present in the leptonic mixing data from SU(3) subgroups of order up to 511. Theoretical results based on symmetry are compared with global fits of experimental data in a chi-squared analysis, yielding the following results. There is no longer a group that can produce all the mixing data without a free parameter, but a number of them can accommodate the first or the second column of the mixing matrix. The only group that fits the third column is $\Delta(150)$. It predicts $\sin^22\theta_{13}=0.11$ and $\sin^22\theta_{23}=0.94$, in good agreement with experimental results.Comment: Version to appear in Physical Review

The Evolution of Bias - Generalized

Fry (1996) showed that galaxy bias has the tendency to evolve towards unity, i.e. in the long run, the galaxy distribution tends to trace that of matter. Generalizing slightly Fry's reasoning, we show that his conclusion remains valid in theories of modified gravity (or equivalently, complex clustered dark energy). This is not surprising: as long as both galaxies and matter are subject to the same force, dynamics would drive them towards tracing each other. This holds, for instance, in theories where both galaxies and matter move on geodesics. This relaxation of bias towards unity is tempered by cosmic acceleration, however: the bias tends towards unity but does not quite make it, unless the formation bias were close to unity. Our argument is extended in a straightforward manner to the case of a stochastic or nonlinear bias. An important corollary is that dynamical evolution could imprint a scale dependence on the large scale galaxy bias. This is especially pronounced if non-standard gravity introduces new scales to the problem: the bias at different scales relaxes at different rates, the larger scales generally more slowly and retaining a longer memory of the initial bias. A consistency test of the current (general relativity + uniform dark energy) paradigm is therefore to look for departure from a scale independent bias on large scales. A simple way is to measure the relative bias of different populations of galaxies which are at different stages of bias relaxation. Lastly, we comment on the possibility of directly testing the Poisson equation on cosmological scales, as opposed to indirectly through the growth factor.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures. References added. Accepted for publication in Physical Review

Transport in single-molecule transistors: Kondo physics and negative differential resistance

We report two examples of transport phenomena based on sharp features in the effective density of states of molecular-scale transistors: Kondo physics in C$_{60}$-based devices, and gate-modulated negative differential resistance (NDR) in ``control'' devices that we ascribe to adsorbed contamination. We discuss the need for a statistical approach to device characterization, and the criteria that must be satisfied to infer that transport is based on single molecules. We describe apparent Kondo physics in C$_{60}$-based single-molecule transistors (SMTs), including signatures of molecular vibrations in the Kondo regime. Finally, we report gate-modulated NDR in devices made without intentional molecular components, and discuss possible origins of this property.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures. To appear in Oct. 2004 issue of Nanotechnology, proceedings of International Conference on Nanoscale Devices and Systems Integratio