In vitro evaluation of topical gel prepared using natural polymer

Nimesulide is a second generation non–steroidal anti–inflammatory agent, which is widely used in the long term therapy of rheumatoid arthritis, in alleviating pain and inflammation. But its short half-life (only 3–4 hr), so its causes more fluctuation. After oral administration Nimesulide causes to produces heart burn, nausea, loose motions, pruritus, etc. The present study based on the preparation of bioadhesive topical gel of Nimesulide, so as to avoid all gastric side effects. For the preparation of bioadhesive topical gel natural polymer aegel marmelos (plant Bale) was used. Bioadhesive polymers are the agents which increases the contact between the formulation and biological membrane, so as to avoid the fluctuation of formulation and behave as a sustained release formulation. In the present study, prepared bioadhesive topical gel was evaluated with the help of different parameters like drug content, spreadability, extrudability, swelling index study, in–vitro drug diffusion study, in-vitro drug release kinetic study and ex–vivo bioadhesive measurement. On the basis of in–vitro drug diffusion study and ex–vivo bioadhesive measurement property of gel, we have concluded that natural polymer aegel marmelos is the best polymer for the preparation of sustained release bioadhesive topical gel.Keywords: Topical gel; Bioadhesion; Natural polyme

Modern Biomedical Technologies versus Emerging Pathogenic Microbes: Insights into the Confronting Situation

The interaction between modern biomedical technologies and newly identified pathogenic microbes has become a crucial focus in the field of healthcare and illness management. The ongoing progress in technology is transforming the field of medical science. However, the advent of new and changing microbial dangers presents obstacles that require creative solutions. This article explores the delicate equilibrium between the capabilities of advanced biomedical technologies and the continuous development of disease-causing microorganisms. It provides new insights that influence the ongoing struggle between scientific advancement and the problems posed by these microbes

In vitro evaluation of topical gel prepared using natural polymer

Nimesulide is a second generation non–steroidal anti–inflammatory agent, which is widely used in the long term therapy of rheumatoid arthritis, in alleviating pain and inflammation. But its short half-life (only 3–4 hr), so its causes more fluctuation. After oral administration Nimesulide causes to produces heart burn, nausea, loose motions, pruritus, etc. The present study based on the preparation of bioadhesive topical gel of Nimesulide, so as to avoid all gastric side effects. For the preparation of bioadhesive topical gel natural polymer aegel marmelos (plant Bale) was used. Bioadhesive polymers are the agents which increases the contact between the formulation and biological membrane, so as to avoid the fluctuation of formulation and behave as a sustained release formulation. In the present study, prepared bioadhesive topical gel was evaluated with the help of different parameters like drug content, spreadability, extrudability, swelling index study, in–vitro drug diffusion study, in-vitro drug release kinetic study and ex–vivo bioadhesive measurement. On the basis of in–vitro drug diffusion study and ex–vivo bioadhesive measurement property of gel, we have concluded that natural polymer aegel marmelos is the best polymer for the preparation of sustained release bioadhesive topical gel.Keywords: Topical gel; Bioadhesion; Natural polyme

Sums of matrix-valued wave packet frames in (L^2(ℝ^d,ℂ^{stimes r}))

The purpose of this paper is to first show relations between wave packet frame bounds and the scalars associated with finite sum of matrix-valued wave packet frames for the matrix-valued function space (L^2(ℝ^d, ℂ^{stimes r}). A sufficient condition with explicit wave packet frame bounds for finite sum of matrix-valued wave packet frames in terms of scalars and frame bounds associated with the finite sum of frames is given. An optimal estimate of wave packet frame bounds for the finite sum of matrix-valued wave packet frames is presented. In the second part, we show that the rate of convergence of the frame algorithm can be increased by using frame bounds and scalars associated with the finite sum of frames. Finally, a necessary and sufficient condition for finite sum of matrix-valued wave packet frames in terms of series associated with wave packet vectors is given

Analysis of Caesarean section rate in a government teaching institute based on Robson’s ten group classification

Background: Caesarean section rate is a qualitative health care indicator in India. With increasing rates of caesarean sections and no defined method to audit present institutes it is the need of the hour to use tools like Robson’s classification to understand present system. The aim of this study was to determine the rate and analyse Caesarean sections in a tertiary care institute using Robson’s ten group classification system.Methods: This is a retrospective analytical study in which all Caesarean section done over a period of 3 years (July 2014-June 2017) were included which were performed in single unit (out of 6) of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Sassoon General Hospital. Women were classified in 10 groups according to Robson’s classification, using maternal characteristics and obstetrical history. For each group, authors calculated its relative size and its contribution to the overall caesarean rate.Results: Total deliveries were 4750 out of which 985 were Caesarean section, incidence was calculated as 20.7%. The main contributors to the overall Caesarean rate were primiparous women in spontaneous labour (group 1- {18.3%}) and women with previous caesarean section (group 5- {34.9%}).Conclusions: The Robson’s classification is an easy tool to use and identify the current changing dynamics in any hospital setup. Its implementation as an obstetric audit can help lower the Caesarean rates and improve the standards based on WHO criteria