107 research outputs found
Effects of a Four-Week Stretching Program on Shoulder Range of Motion and Throwing Velocity among Collegiate Baseball Players
Chronic static stretching programs have been reported to increase shoulder range of motion (ROM), but no study has examined how this increase may affect throwing velocity in overhead athletes. It was hypothesized that a 4-week stretching program would increase the ROM of the glenohumeral joint and also increase throwing velocity among collegiate baseball players. Baseline shoulder ROM and overhand throwing velocity were assessed before participants were matched into either a control group (CON, n=7) or an experimental group (STRETCH, n=8). The STRETCH group then performed two sets of two stretches (the cross-body stretch and the sleeper stretch), 30 seconds each, four times per week for a duration of four weeks. Results revealed that horizontal adduction ROM for both active (A) and passive (P) measures increased significantly in STRETCH compared to CON over time (STRETCH: Pretest: A=39.8 ± 8.8°, P= 42.5 ± 5.2°; Posttest: A= 43.3 ± 3.5°, P= 45.4 ± 3.1°; CON: Pretest: A= 41.6 ± 10.6°, P= 45.3 ± 11.2°; Posttest: A= 36.3 ± 5.7°, p 0.018, P= 40.0 ± 6.1°, p=0.020). Passive extension ROM also had a significant interaction (p =0.023), while external rotation increased more in STRETCH than in CON, but this interaction failed to reach significance (p=0.054). There were no significant differences between internal rotation, flexion or throwing velocity over time or between treatment groups. Despite the lack of change in throwing velocity with the stretching program, the correlation between the change in horizontal adduction and the change in velocity showed a significant positive relationship (RÂČ= 0.518 , p=0.005). More research is needed to solidify the possible relationship between range of motion and throwing velocity in collegiate baseball players
Acoustic-phonetic decoding for speech intelligibility evaluation in the context of Head and Neck Cancers
International audienceIn addition to health problems, Head and Neck Cancers (HNC) can cause serious speech disorders that can lead to partial or complete loss of speech intel-ligibility in some patients. The clinician's evaluation of the intelligibility level before or after surgical treatment and / or during the rehabilitation phase is an important part of the clinical assessment. Perceptive assessment is the most widely used method in clinical practice to assess the level of intelligibility of a patient despite the limitations associated with it such as subjectivity and moderate reproducibility. In this paper, we propose to overcome these limitations by associating a specific task of speech production based on pseudo-words with an automatic speech processing system, both oriented towards acoustic-phonetic decoding. Compared to human perception, the automatic system reaches very high correlation rates and promising results when applied to a French speech corpus including 41 healthy speakers and 85 patients suffering from HNC
Quels tests d'intelligibilité pour évaluer les troubles de production de la parole ?
International audienceSpeech intelligibility is defined as the precision with which a message is understood by an auditor. The loss of intelligibility is often a major complaint for patients with speech production disorders, since it contributes to reducing the quality of life. Several tools currently exist to assess intelligibility but none fully satisfies the clinical constraints. In a first study, we adapted to French language the Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment version 2, a well-known test for English speakers used for evaluating dysarthric speakers. We created the French corpus of words using criteria defined in the FDA -2 and then we tested the protocol over fifty speakers. The results are satisfactory but various methodological bias have led us to continue our efforts in proposing non sense words, which is equivalent to acoustic- phonetic decoding.L'intelligibilité de la parole se définit comme le degré de précision avec lequel un message est compris par un auditeur. A ce titre, la perte d'intelligibilité représente souvent une plainte importante pour les patients atteints de troubles de production de la parole, puisqu'elle participe à la diminution de la qualité de vie au niveau communicationnel. Plusieurs outils existent actuellement pour évaluer l'intelligibilité mais aucun ne satisfait pleinement les contraintes cliniques. Dans une premiÚre étude, nous avons adapté au français la version 2 du Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment, un test reconnu dans le milieu anglo-saxon pour l'évaluation de locuteurs dysarthriques. Nous avons créé le corpus de mots français en nous appuyant sur les critÚres définis dans le FDA-2 puis nous avons testé le protocole sur une cinquantaine de locuteurs. Les résultats sont satisfaisants mais divers biais méthodologiques nous ont conduits à poursuivre notre démarche en proposant des listes de pseudo-mots apparentant le test à du décodage acoustico-phonétique
Le voyage dâAlice : un texte standardisĂ© pour lâĂ©valuation de la parole et de la voix en Français.
peer reviewedContexte : La lecture dâun texte permet
le meilleur compromis entre lâaspect
Ă©cologique de lâĂ©valuation de la parole et
de la voix, et lâobservation de stimuli cibles
dans un environnement contrĂŽlĂ©. Bien quâil
existe différents textes en Français, aucun
dâentre eux ne semble vraiment rĂ©pondre
aux attentes et aux besoins des cliniciens et
des chercheurs pour lâĂ©valuation courante
de la parole et de la voix.
Objectif : Cet article présente un nouveau
texte standardisĂ© spĂ©cifquement crĂ©Ă© Ă
cet effet, intitulĂ© « Le voyage dâAlice ». Un
protocole automatisĂ© dâextraction de mesures
acoustiques est également proposé.
Méthode : Le texte a été construit sur la
base dâun ensemble exhaustif de critĂšres,
prenant en compte les données de la
littérature, les besoins spécifques identifés
en recherche scientifque et en pratique
clinique francophone, ainsi que les données
dâune Ă©tude de consensus internationale.
RĂ©sultats : Ce texte, destinĂ© Ă lâĂ©valuation
de lâarticulation des sons de la parole, des
variations prosodiques et du comportement
phonatoire, ainsi que de la fuence, sâest
montré utilisable et facilement lisible en
Belgique, en France comme au Canada.
Le protocole automatisĂ© dâextraction de
mesures acoustiques permet une analyse
rapide et simple de données reproductibles.
Il sâagit dâun outil adaptĂ© Ă la fois pour la
recherche scientifque et pour la pratique
clinique quotidienne. Des mesures
acoustiques ont été calculées sur base de ce
nouveau texte auprĂšs de locuteurs sains en
France et font office de valeurs de références
ETUDE, IN VITRO, DE MECANISMES CELLULAIRES IMPLIQUES DANS LE REJET D'UNE XENOGREFFE D'ILOTS PANCREATIQUES DE PORC CHEZ L'HOMME, LE BABOUIN ET LA SOURIS
NANTES-BU Sciences (441092104) / SudocSudocFranceF
On the relationship between handedness and hand-digit mapping in finger counting
International audienceThe purpose of the current investigation was to evaluate hand-digit mapping in finger counting in French children and adults and whether handedness might constraint hand-digit mapping. To this aim, hand-digit mapping used when counting from one to ten by means of fingers, together with performance-based and preference-based measures of handedness, were evaluated in French individuals of four different age groups (4-5 years old, 6-7 years old, 10-11 years old and 24-47 years old). Irrespective of the age group, analyses revealed a strong tendency to use first the right hand to count from one to five and then the left hand to count from six to ten. In addition, a significant interaction between hand-digit mapping and hand preference was found, with participants who used first their right hand to count reporting higher right hand preference in unimanual activities. These findings are discussed in light of recent studies assuming a link between finger counting habits and numerical processing
Conscience perceptuomotrice et dyslexie: identification des traits vocaliques
Publication de l'ex-Ă©quipe Structure du Code GIPSA-labNational audienc
Représentations phonologiques et représentations motrices internes des enfants déficients auditifs
National audienc
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