19,206 research outputs found
Calibration of shielded microwave probes using bulk dielectrics
A stripline-type near-field microwave probe is microfabricated for microwave
impedance microscopy. Unlike the poorly shielded coplanar probe that senses the
sample tens of microns away, the stripline structure removes the stray fields
from the cantilever body and localizes the interaction only around the
focused-ion beam deposited Pt tip. The approaching curve of an oscillating tip
toward bulk dielectrics can be quantitatively simulated and fitted to the
finite-element analysis result. The peak signal of the approaching curve is a
measure of the sample dielectric constant and can be used to study unknown bulk
materials.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Modeling of a Cantilever-Based Near-Field Scanning Microwave Microscope
We present a detailed modeling and characterization of our scalable microwave
nanoprobe, which is a micro-fabricated cantilever-based scanning microwave
probe with separated excitation and sensing electrodes. Using finite-element
analysis, the tip-sample interaction is modeled as small impedance changes
between the tip electrode and the ground at our working frequencies near 1GHz.
The equivalent lumped elements of the cantilever can be determined by
transmission line simulation of the matching network, which routes the
cantilever signals to 50 Ohm feed lines. In the microwave electronics, the
background common-mode signal is cancelled before the amplifier stage so that
high sensitivity (below 1 atto-Farad capacitance changes) is obtained.
Experimental characterization of the microwave probes was performed on
ion-implanted Si wafers and patterned semiconductor samples. Pure electrical or
topographical signals can be realized using different reflection modes of the
probe.Comment: 7 figure
Experimental study of the normal zone propagation velocity in double-layer 2G-HTS wires by thermal and electrical methods
The Normal Zone Propagation Velocity (NZPV) of a double-layer second generation (2G) high temperature superconducting (HTS) wire manufactured by American Superconductor has been measured by electrical and thermal methods, and the results have been compared and discussed. The NZPV values determined by the voltage traces are ranging from 3.8 mm/s at 0.4 Ic to 19.2 mm/s at 0.9 Ic; while from 5.9 mm/s to 18.3 mm/s by the temperature traces. NZPV determined by these two approaches agrees well with each other. Also, NZPV of double-layer YBCO tape is close to that of conventional single-layer superconducting tape.This work was supported in part by the EPSRC under Grant NMZF/064.This is the accepted manuscript. The final version is available from IEEE at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6963291&sortType%3Dasc_p_Sequence%26filter%3DAND%28p_IS_Number%3A6353170%29%26rowsPerPage%3D50
Three-jet cross sections in hadron-hadron collisions at next-to-leading order
We present a new QCD event generator for hadron collider which can calculate
one-, two- and three-jet cross sections at next-to-leading order accuracy. In
this letter we study the transverse energy spectrum of three-jet hadronic
events using the kT algorithm. We show that the next-to-leading order
correction significantly reduces the renormalization and factorization scale
dependence of the three-jet cross section.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, REVTEX
Associated Top Quark-Higgs Boson Production at the LHC
We compute the O(alpha_s^3) inclusive cross section for the process pp ->
t-tbar-h in the Standard Model, at sqrt(s)=14 TeV. The next-to-leading order
corrections drastically reduce the renormalization and factorization scale
dependence of the Born cross section and increase the total cross section for
renormalization and factorization scales larger than m_t. These corrections
have important implications for models of new physics involving the top quark.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX
Microwave imaging of mesoscopic percolating network in a manganite thin film
Many unusual behaviors in complex oxides are deeply associated with the
spontaneous emergence of microscopic phase separation. Depending on the
underlying mechanism, the competing phases can form ordered or random patterns
at vastly different length scales. Using a microwave impedance microscope, we
observed an orientation-ordered percolating network in strained Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3
thin films with a large period of 100 nm. The filamentary metallic domains
align preferentially along certain crystal axes of the substrate, suggesting
the anisotropic elastic strain as the key interaction in this system. The local
impedance maps provide microscopic electrical information of the hysteretic
behavior in strained thin film manganites, suggesting close connection between
the glassy order and the colossal magnetoresistance effects at low
temperatures.Comment: 4 pages,4 figure
Growth Models And The Question Of Universality Classes
In the past many papers have appeared which simulated surface growth with
different growth models. The results showed that, if models differed only
slightly in their `growth' rules, the resulting surfaces may belong to
different universality classes, i.e. they are described by different
differential equations. In the present paper we describe a mapping of ``growth
rules'' to differential operators and give plausibility arguments for this
mapping. We illustrate the validity of our theory by applying it to published
results
The incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder among survivors after earthquakes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychological disorder caused by unusual threats or catastrophic events. Little is known about the combined incidence of PTSD after earthquakes. This study aimed at evaluating the combined incidence of PTSD among survivors after earthquakes using systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: The electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and PsycARTICLES were searched for relevant articles in this study. Loney criteria were used to assess the quality of eligible articles. The combined incidence of PTSD was estimated by using the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation method. Subgroup analyses were conducted using the following variables: the time of PTSD assessment, gender, educational level, marital status, damage to one's house, bereavement, injury of body and witnessing death. Results: Forty-six eligible articles containing 76,101 earthquake survivors met the inclusion criteria, of which 17,706 were diagnosed as having PTSD. Using a random effects model, the combined incidence of PTSD after earthquakes was 23.66 %. Moreover, the combined incidence of PTSD among survivors who were diagnosed at not more than 9 months after earthquake was 28.76 %, while for survivors who were diagnosed at over nine months after earthquake the combined incidence was 19.48 %. A high degree of heterogeneity (I2 = 99.5 %, p<0.001) was observed in the results, with incidence ranging from 1.20 to 82.64 %. The subgroup analyses showed that the incidence of PTSD after earthquake varied significantly across studies in relation to the time of PTSD assessment, gender, educational level, damage to one's house, bereavement, injury of body and witnessing death. However, stratified analyses could not entirely explain the heterogeneity in the results. Conclusions: Given the high heterogeneity observed in this study, future studies should aim at exploring more possible risk factors for PTSD after earthquakes, especially genetic factors. In spite of that, the results of this study suggest that nearly 1 in 4 earthquake survivors are diagnosed as having PTSD. Therefore, the local government should plan effective psychological interventions for earthquake survivors
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