The roles of local grocery store for the rural community : considering sustainable community development : a case study in Västerfärnebo, Sweden

Accessibility to different services like food, education, health and culture, etc. within a community is important to the quality of life of the inhabitants. However, there is a decreasing number of services in rural communities at different part of the world, including Sweden, because of the economic unsustainability. Even though many of the rural inhabitants in Sweden have high mobility and can travel to the other towns to access services, it still brings problems and is inconvenient to many of them. This study specifically focused on one kind of service, rural grocery store. The decreasing number of rural grocery store means many of the rural inhabitants lose their access to food in the local rural community. A qualitative case study compiled of nine interviews was carried out in a rural community, Västerfärnebo in Sweden. It was initiated to investigate the importance of a local grocery store in a rural community. The results of the study are presented with an operational resources framework (PEBOSCA framework), which is usually used for site analysis and construction of sustainability strategies for community development. The results suggested that the stores could be act as different types of resources to the community. The connections between the store and the concepts of third place (a social meeting place beyond work or home) and sense of community were being discussed for sustainable community development. A potential way to develop the store to becoming a better third place was also discussed, so to expand its roles in the community, thus the store could have a higher chance for a better economic income for sustaining itself

Defective flagellar assembly and length regulation in LF3 null mutants in Chlamydomonas

Four long-flagella (LF) genes are important for flagellar length control in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Here, we characterize two new null lf3 mutants whose phenotypes are different from previously identified lf3 mutants. These null mutants have unequal-length flagella that assemble more slowly than wild-type flagella, though their flagella can also reach abnormally long lengths. Prominent bulges are found at the distal ends of short, long, and regenerating flagella of these mutants. Analysis of the flagella by electron and immunofluorescence microscopy and by Western blots revealed that the bulges contain intraflagellar transport complexes, a defect reported previously (for review see Cole, D.G., 2003. Traffic. 4:435–442) in a subset of mutants defective in intraflagellar transport. We have cloned the wild-type LF3 gene and characterized a hypomorphic mutant allele of LF3. LF3p is a novel protein located predominantly in the cell body. It cosediments with the product of the LF1 gene in sucrose density gradients, indicating that these proteins may form a functional complex to regulate flagellar length and assembly

Defective flagellar assembly and length regulation in LF3 null mutants in Chlamydomonas

Four long-flagella (LF) genes are important for flagellar length control in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Here, we characterize two new null lf3 mutants whose phenotypes are different from previously identified lf3 mutants. These null mutants have unequal-length flagella that assemble more slowly than wild-type flagella, though their flagella can also reach abnormally long lengths. Prominent bulges are found at the distal ends of short, long, and regenerating flagella of these mutants. Analysis of the flagella by electron and immunofluorescence microscopy and by Western blots revealed that the bulges contain intraflagellar transport complexes, a defect reported previously (for review see Cole, D.G., 2003. Traffic. 4:435–442) in a subset of mutants defective in intraflagellar transport. We have cloned the wild-type LF3 gene and characterized a hypomorphic mutant allele of LF3. LF3p is a novel protein located predominantly in the cell body. It cosediments with the product of the LF1 gene in sucrose density gradients, indicating that these proteins may form a functional complex to regulate flagellar length and assembly

Neutrino imaging of the Galactic Centre and Millisecond Pulsar Population

Despite the potentially large population of millisecond pulsars in the Galactic Centre, direct detection of them is almost impossible using the current radio telescopes, due to severe pulse broadening caused by radiation scattering. We propose that imaging the Galactic Centre using neutrinos provides us a way to constrain the millisecond pulsar population. Millisecond pulsars are proposed cosmic-ray accelerators. The high-energy protons they produce will collide with the baryonic matter in the central molecular zone, which creates charged and neutral pions that decay into neutrinos and γ rays, respectively. The specific fluxes of neutrino and γ -ray emission for the case with CS emission as the baryon tracer in the Central Molecular Zone that we computed, subjected to γ -ray observation by H.E.S.S., set a conservative upper limit of NMSP<10,000 for the Galactic Centre millisecond pulsar population, with an injecting proton energy spectral index Γ=−1 and an efficiency of fp=1% converting the pulsar's rotational power to cosmic-ray power. This population of millisecond pulsars could explain the GeV γ -ray excess in the Galactic Centre

Predictors of functional deterioration in Chinese patients with Psoriatic arthritis: A longitudinal study.

10.1186/1471-2474-15-284BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders15128