Intravesical prostaglandin e2 effectiveness in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubo-cervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny: a prospective randomized clinical trial

Intravesical prostaglandin E2 is effective in the recovery of spontaneous voiding after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of intravesical prostaglandin E2 in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. STUDY DESIGN: From November 1996 to June 1999 fifty women underwent the Lahodny procedure for moderate/severe cystocele and stress urinary incontinence. Women were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 study groups: intravesical prostaglandin E2 versus controls. Data obtained were analyzed with the Student t test and the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Two patients of the treatment group had to be excluded from the study, one because of the wrong measurement of the post-voidal residual volume and another due to a fastidious burning sensation which appeared immediately after prostaglandin instillation and required the suspension of the treatment. No other side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or hyperthermia were observed. Patients who underwent the prostaglandin E2 treatment showed a recovery of spontaneous voiding after 7.9±6.7 days, whereas this interval was significantly longer in the control group, being 12.9±9.7 days (p=0.04, Two tailed Unpaired Student's T test). CONCLUSION: The effectiveness and the low associated morbidity mark the treatment with intravesical prostaglandin E2 useful in the recovery of normal voiding after transvaginal pubocervical fascia reconstruction and short arm sling with the procedure according to Lahodny

Interferon-gamma in the first-line therapy of ovarian cancer: a randomized phase III trial

Intraperitoneal treatment with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) has been shown to achieve surgically documented responses in the second-line therapy of ovarian cancer. To assess its efficacy in the first-line therapy, we conducted a randomized controlled trial with 148 patients who had undergone primary surgery for FIGO stage Ic–IIIc ovarian cancer. In the control arm women received 100 mg m−2cisplatin and 600 mg m−2cyclophosphamide, the experimental arm included the above regimen with IFN-γ 0.1 mg subcutaneously on days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17 and 19 of each 28-day cycle. Progression-free survival at 3 years was improved from 38% in controls to 51% in the treatment group corresponding to median times to progression of 17 and 48 months (P = 0.031, relative risk of progression 0.48, confidence interval 0.28–0.82). Three-year overall survival was 58% and 74% accordingly (n.s., median not yet reached). Complete clinical responses were observed in 68% with IFN-γ versus 56% in controls (n.s.). Toxicity was comparable in both groups except for a mild flu-like syndrome, experienced by most patients after administration of IFN-γ. Thus, with acceptable toxicity, the inclusion of IFN-γ in the first-line chemotherapy of ovarian cancer yielded a benefit in prolonging progression-free survival. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaig

Spearman’s correlation coefficient values for models 1 and 2.

<p>Spearman’s coefficients indicating the strength of the relationship between parameters of the (A) homogeneous (model 1) and (B) age-structured (model 2) models and the basic reproduction number (<i>R</i>_<i>0</i>) with 10% additional harvest from 10,000 simulations. Only parameters with statistically significant coefficients are shown. See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0147517#pone.0147517.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> for parameter descriptions.</p

Compartmental diagram of the dynamics of Newcastle disease in a homogeneous population of white-winged parakeets (model 1).

<p>Five transition states include: susceptible (<i>S</i>), exposed (<i>E</i>), acutely-infected (<i>I</i>_<i>A</i>), chronically-infected (<i>I</i>_<i>C</i>) and recovered (<i>R</i>). See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0147517#pone.0147517.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> for parameter descriptions.</p

Population decline during two years post Newcastle disease introduction.

<p>Population decline in (A) homogeneous (model 1) and (B) age-structured (model 2) populations of white-winged parakeets with no additional harvest (<i>hl</i> = 0) and three additional, uncompensated harvest rates (<i>h1</i>; 0-blue, 2%-orange, 5%-black, and 10%-red). Here uncompensated additional harvest means that population natality did not increase to compensate the population decline due to additional harvest.</p