SUPPLIER SUSTAINABILITY EVALUATION UTILIZING MULTI ATTRIBUTE UTILITY MODELING

Conventionally, the focus during supplier evaluation has been to assess cost, quality and delivery effectiveness due to their impact on profitability. In recent years, there has been increased emphasis on promoting more sustainable business practices that focus on reducing environmental impact and improve societal well-being, in addition to economic benefits. However, most of the existing supplier evaluation methods in literature as well as those used by leading companies fall short of comprehensively assessing suppliers from a Triple Bottom Line (TBL) perspective. TBL defined as holistically looking at the economic, environmental, and societal aspects of an entity. This paper presents a review and selection of metrics for economic, environmental and societal sustainability evaluation. In addition, this work proposes a methodology for combining the scores into a comprehensive score that can be used to compare two entities performance relative to the TBL

Letter from Food Commissioner E. F. Ladd to Attorney General Langer Regarding Malta Test Results, 1917

Letter dated July 19, 1917 from Food Commissioner and North Dakota Agricultural College president E. F. Ladd to Attorney General Langer regarding analysis of samples of malt beverage Malta. Ladd explains that earlier samples showed as high as 0.45% alchohol content, but that more recent samples have shown around 0.10%, leading him to believe that the manufacturer has been cutting down that alcohol in their manufacturing process. Ladd adds that he should be very glad to make analysis of any samples that you might submit because of the variations that have been found in the the samples [...] during the past three months.https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/1279/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Food Commissioner E. F. Ladd to Attorney General Langer Regarding Beverage Analysis, 1917

Letter dated July 20, 1917 from Food Commissioner E. F. Ladd to Attorney General Langer replying to letter sent to W. C. Heath concerner various beverages. Ladd indicates he would be very glad to have an analysis made of the beverages, and encloses a copy of a recent analysis of various soft drink beverages currently on sale in the state, adding that there are a few that he has not been able to acquire, among them a product sold as Bevo.https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/1284/thumbnail.jp

Federal and Interstate Conflicts in Montana Water Law: Support for a State Water Plan

State Water Pla

A new model for simulating colloidal dynamics

We present a new hybrid lattice-Boltzmann and Langevin molecular dynamics scheme for simulating the dynamics of suspensions of spherical colloidal particles. The solvent is modeled on the level of the lattice-Boltzmann method while the molecular dynamics is done for the solute. The coupling between the two is implemented through a frictional force acting both on the solvent and on the solute, which depends on the relative velocity. A spherical colloidal particle is represented by interaction sites at its surface. We demonstrate that this scheme quantitatively reproduces the translational and rotational diffusion of a neutral spherical particle in a liquid and show preliminary results for a charged spherical particle. We argue that this method is especially advantageous in the case of charged colloids.Comment: For a movie click on the link below Fig

Exploring Prayer Contexts and Health Outcomes: From the Chair to the Pew

Prayer in personal, interpersonal, small, and large group contexts is described in relationship to physical, psychological, and spiritual health. A sample of college and middle-aged adults (N = 189) completed cross-sectional surveys. Quantitative analyses revealed that prayer in all contexts predicted higher levels of spiritual health, and that the strongest prayer predictors of health were: large group prayer for mental health, and private and large group prayer for spiritual health. Qualitative results revealed that prayers for physical health in close personal relationships, and table blessing prayers among family members, were two of the most common types of prayer. Suggestions for future research include investigating the relational outcomes of prayer, developing an inventory of prayer, and examining the bi-directional nature of the prayer-health relationship

Application of distributed lag and autocorrelated error models to short-run demand analysis

The objective of the research reported here was to investigate the usefulness of distributed lag economic models and autocorrelated error statistical models for analysis of monthly and quarterly food demand. Distributed lags are a way of incorporating dynamic considerations into econometric models of consumer demand. In the distributed lag model used here, current consumption is the dependent variable, and lagged consumption is one explanatory variable. Testing the significance of the coefficient of lagged consumption tests the hypothesis of a lag in consumer adjustment to conditions affecting demand. The presence of autocorrelated errors can have serious effects on least squares (L.S.) estimates of coefficients. Autocorrelated errors may frequently occur in equations fitted to monthly and quarterly data. Therefore, equations were estimated by autoregressive least squares (A.L.S.) as well as by least squares. A.L.S.-1 assumes the errors ut to follow a first order autoregressive scheme, ut = β1ut-1 + et. It provides simultaneous estimates of β1 and of the coefficients in the demand equation. A.L.S.-2 assumes the errors to be generated by a second order autoregressive process, ut = β1ut-1 + β2ut-2 + et. It provides simultaneous estimates of β1, β2 and the coefficients in the demand equation