Patterns in soil microbial diversity across Europe

Factors driving microbial community composition and diversity are well established but the relationship with microbial functioning is poorly understood, especially at large scales. We analysed microbial biodiversity metrics and distribution of potential functional groups along a gradient of increasing land-use perturbation, detecting over 79,000 bacterial and 25,000 fungal OTUs in 715 sites across 24 European countries. We found the lowest bacterial and fungal diversity in less-disturbed environments (woodlands) compared to grasslands and highly-disturbed environments (croplands). Highly-disturbed environments contain significantly more bacterial chemoheterotrophs, harbour a higher proportion of fungal plant pathogens and saprotrophs, and have less beneficial fungal plant symbionts compared to woodlands and extensively-managed grasslands. Spatial patterns of microbial communities and predicted functions are best explained when interactions among the major determinants (vegetation cover, climate, soil properties) are considered. We propose guidelines for environmental policy actions and argue that taxonomical and functional diversity should be considered simultaneously for monitoring purposes

: SI MIELLEES - a tool to share data from connected hives scales to describe honewdews

The automatic and connected scales measuring the weight of the hives during the honeydew are used bybeekeepers, and by research and development actors, in order to collect real-time information on thestate of the honeydew. This information is shared among beekeepers or service providers and scalemanufacturers, and not capitalized. The work carried out during the Casdar MIELLEES project (2017-2020) showed that it is possible to bring together a chain of competent and multidisciplinary actors todevelop tools and better use and enhance digital data from the connected scales of beekeepers. Acomputer system called SI MIELLEES was created. It collects, structures, and prepares time series foranalysis using computerized routines developed specifically. Prototypes of service applications weredesigned and tested to enhance the value of the collected data.Les balances automatiques et connectées mesurant le poids des ruches au fil des miellées sont utiliséespar les apiculteurs, comme par les acteurs de la recherche et du développement, afin d’acquérir desinformations en temps réel sur la progression de la miellée. Ces informations sont diffusées chez lesapiculteurs ou les fournisseurs de services et constructeurs de balances mais non capitalisées. Le travailréalisé pendant le projet Casdar MIELLEES (2017-2020) montre qu’il est possible de créer une chaîned’acteurs compétents et pluridisciplinaires pour développer des outils afin de mieux utiliser et valoriserdes données numériques issues des balances connectées des apiculteurs. Un système informatique (SI)appelé le SI MIELLEES a été réalisé. Il collecte, structure, prépare et développe spécifiquement desséries temporelles pour les analyser grâce à des routines informatisées. Des prototypes d’applicationsde services ont été conçus et testés pour la valorisation des références acquises