Feasibility Studies for Quarkonium Production at a Fixed-Target Experiment Using the LHC Proton and Lead Beams (AFTER@LHC)

Being used in the fixed-target mode, the multi-TeV LHC proton and lead beams allow for studies of heavy-flavour hadroproduction with unprecedented precision at backward rapidities, far negative Feynman- <math id="M1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></math> , using conventional detection techniques. At the nominal LHC energies, quarkonia can be studied in detail in <math id="M2" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></math> , <math id="M3" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>d</mi></math> , and <math id="M4" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>A</mi></math> collisions at <math id="M5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msqrt><msub><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>N</mtext><mtext>N</mtext></mrow></msub></msqrt><mo>≃</mo><mn>115</mn></math>  GeV and in Pb + <math id="M6" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> and Pb + <math id="M7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow></math> collisions at <math id="M8" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msqrt><msub><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>N</mtext><mtext>N</mtext></mrow></msub></msqrt><mo>≃</mo><mn>72</mn></math>  GeV with luminosities roughly equivalent to that of the collider mode that is up to 20 fb−1 yr−1 in <math id="M9" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></math> and <math id="M10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>d</mi></math> collisions, up to 0.6 fb−1 yr−1 in <math id="M11" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>A</mi></math> collisions, and up to 10 nb−1 yr−1 in Pb + <math id="M12" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow></math> collisions. In this paper, we assess the feasibility of such studies by performing fast simulations using the performance of a LHCb-like detector

"Table 2" of "Measurement of matter-antimatter differences in beauty baryon decays"

Definition of binning scheme B for the decay mode $\Lambda_b^0\to p\pi^-\pi^+\pi^-$

"Table 4" of "Measurement of matter-antimatter differences in beauty baryon decays"

For $\Lambda_b^0\to p\pi^-\pi^+\pi^-$ decays, the CP- and P-violating observables, $a^{\hat{T}-odd}_{CP}$ and $a^{\hat{T}-odd}_{P}$, resulting from the fit to the data are listed with their statistical and systematic uncertainties. Each value is obtained through an independent fit to a region of the phase space defined in Scheme B (i.e. $|\Phi|$ domain is split in $\pi/10$ equal intervals))

"Table 3" of "Measurement of matter-antimatter differences in beauty baryon decays"

For $\Lambda_b^0\to p\pi^-\pi^+\pi^-$ decays, the CP- and P-violating observables, $a^{\hat{T}-odd}_{CP}$ and $a^{\hat{T}-odd}_{P}$, resulting from the fit to the data are listed with their statistical and systematic uncertainties. Each value is obtained through an independent fit to a region of the phase space defined in Scheme A

"Table 13" of "Prompt and nonprompt J/ψ\psi production and nuclear modification in ppPb collisions at sNN=8.16\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}= 8.16 TeV"

The FORWARD/BACKWARD production ratio $R_{\mathrm{FB}}$ of prompt $J/\psi$ as a function of transverse momentum integrated over $|y^*|$ in the range 2.5 < |y^*| < 4.0. The quoted uncertainties are the quadratic sums of statistical and systematic uncertainties

"Table 12" of "Prompt and nonprompt J/ψ\psi production and nuclear modification in ppPb collisions at sNN=8.16\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}= 8.16 TeV"

The nuclear modification factor $R_{p\mathrm{Pb}}$ of $J/\psi$ from decay of $b$-hadrons integrated over transverse momentum smaller than 14 GeV/$c$ as a function of rapidity in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass frame. The quoted uncertainties are the quadratic sums of statistical and systematic uncertainties

"Table 3" of "Prompt and nonprompt J/ψ\psi production and nuclear modification in ppPb collisions at sNN=8.16\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}= 8.16 TeV"

The double-differential cross sections for prompt $J/\psi$ production, assuming no polarisation, as a function of transverse momentum for the rapidity range 1.5 < y^* < 4.0 in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass frame. The first quoted uncertainty indicates the bin-by-bin correlated systematic uncertainty and the second is the bin-by-bin uncorrelated systematic uncertainty

"Table 1" of "Prompt and nonprompt J/ψ\psi production and nuclear modification in ppPb collisions at sNN=8.16\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}= 8.16 TeV"

The total integrated cross sections for prompt $J/\psi$ production, assuming no polarisation, and $J/\psi$ production from $b$-hadron decays in the rapidity range 1.5 < y^* < 4.0 in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass frame measured in the proton-lead beam configuration and transverse momentum 0-14 GeV/c. The first quoted uncertainty indicates the bin-by-bin correlated systematic uncertainty and the second is the bin-by-bin uncorrelated systematic uncertainty

"Table 16" of "Prompt and nonprompt J/ψ\psi production and nuclear modification in ppPb collisions at sNN=8.16\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}= 8.16 TeV"

The FORWARD/BACKWARD production ratio $R_{\mathrm{FB}}$ of $J/\psi$ from $b$-hadron decays as a function of rapidity $y^*$ in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass frame integrated over transverse momentum smaller than 14 GeV/$c$. The quoted uncertainties are the quadratic sums of statistical and systematic uncertainties

"Table 1" of "Measurement of matter-antimatter differences in beauty baryon decays"

Binning scheme A is defined to exploit interference patterns arising from the resonant structure of the decay. Bins 1-4 focus on the region dominated by the $\Delta(1232)^{++}\to p\pi^{+}$. The other eight bins are defined to study regions where $p\pi^{-}$ resonances are present (5-8) on either side of the $\rho(770)^{0}\to\pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ resonances (5-12). Further splitting for $|\Phi|$ lower or greater than $\pi/2$ is done to reduce potential dilution of asymmetries