Contemporary Art and Historical Archives: Collaborations and Convergences in a Digital Multicultural Age

Literature illuminating the relationship between contemporary art and historical archives around the turn of the twenty-first century and how these interactions inform the evolution of archives in a digital multicultural age is the topic of this review. The literature reveals the extent to which art has been a means for members of marginalized groups to address their representation in historical archives, and also a means for archives to connect with a broader audience. Collaborations between artists and historical archives add new dimension to the debate about the nature of the archive as a creation in and of itself, and in turn the question of whether participatory culture may be a necessary component in achieving more complete representation of all segments of the community. Types of relationships explored in this review include: the questioning of and re-imagining of the archive by artists, particularly those from marginalized groups; the blending of art and digital archives; and how such collaborations have informed the mission and practical concerns of archives. As digitization leads to increasing convergence of previously distinct cultural heritage collections and enthusiasm for participatory platforms accelerates, interactions between individual artists, people from marginalized communities, and GLAM (galleries, libraries, archives and museums) will continue to evolve and expand. From this literature review emerge observations about prior collaborations from around the world as they inform future developments

An Empirical Investigation of Perceptual Incongruence Between Sales Managers and Salespeople as to Sales Force Control System Application

This paper builds on the foundation laid by Oliver and Anderson (1994) and empirically tests their control instrument using two samples: sales managers and salespeople in three Canadian high-tech industries. The results reveal that the instrument is better suited to the salesperson sample and, as expected, the perceptions of salespeople and sales managers regarding the three-level control system - overall system, components and items - do effectively differ. There is no ambiguity as far as the first two levels are concerned. However, there is some agreement between both groups at the third level. Note that only the hypotheses expecting similar perceptions between the two groups do not bear out. Cette étude a pour objet de tester empiriquement l'instrument de contrôle développé par Oliver et Anderson (1994) sur deux échantillons: gestionnaires de la force de vente et représentants de la force de vente dans trois industries canadiennes à haut contenu technologique. Les résultats montrent que l'instrument est mieux adapté à l'échantillon des représentants des ventes et, tel qu'attendu, les perceptions des représentants des ventes et des gestionnaires de la force de vente en ce qui a trait aux trois niveaux du système de contrôle -système global, composantes et énoncés - effectivement diffèrent. Il n'y a aucune ambiguïté en ce qui concerne les deux premiers niveaux. Cependant, on trouve un certain accord entre les deux groupes au troisième niveau. Enfin, les résultats montrent que seules les hypothèses énonçant des perceptions similaires entre les deux groupes ne sont pas confirmées.control systems, salespeople, sales managers, similarities, differences, systèmes de contrôle, représentants des ventes, gestionnaires de la force de vente, similarités, différences

To grate a liquid into tiny droplets by its impact on a hydrophobic micro-grid

We report on experiments of drop impacting a hydrophobic micro-grid, of typical spacing a few tens of $\mu$m. Above a threshold in impact speed, liquid emerges to the other side, forming micro-droplets of size about that of the grid holes. We propose a method to produce either a mono-disperse spray or a single tiny droplet of volume as small as a few picoliters corresponding to a volume division of the liquid drop by a factor of up to 10$^5$. We also discuss the discrepancy of the measured thresholds with that predicted by a balance between inertia and capillarity.Comment: 3 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in Applied Physics Letter