406 research outputs found
A peristomal plaque of sudden occurrence.
Koebner phenomenon regards the formation of a psoriatic lesion after a trauma, including tattoo, insect bite or other injuries. Although this manifestation is not specific for psoriasis, physicians should be aware because early recognition may be helpful in making the diagnosis when present
A suspicious dark lesion in a boy.
The presence of history of hyperpigmented crust in a patient with a history of adequate hygiene is typical of terra firma\u2010forme dermatosis. The treatment is the rubbing of the skin with isopropyl alcohol (removal of the hyperpigmented brown crust, confirming the diagnosis). Physicians should be aware because early diagnosis avoid unnecessary treatment
How many qubits are needed for quantum computational supremacy?
Quantum computational supremacy arguments, which describe a way for a quantum
computer to perform a task that cannot also be done by a classical computer,
typically require some sort of computational assumption related to the
limitations of classical computation. One common assumption is that the
polynomial hierarchy (PH) does not collapse, a stronger version of the
statement that P NP, which leads to the conclusion that any classical
simulation of certain families of quantum circuits requires time scaling worse
than any polynomial in the size of the circuits. However, the asymptotic nature
of this conclusion prevents us from calculating exactly how many qubits these
quantum circuits must have for their classical simulation to be intractable on
modern classical supercomputers. We refine these quantum computational
supremacy arguments and perform such a calculation by imposing fine-grained
versions of the non-collapse assumption. Each version is parameterized by a
constant and asserts that certain specific computational problems with
input size require time steps to be solved by a non-deterministic
algorithm. Then, we choose a specific value of for each version that we
argue makes the assumption plausible, and based on these conjectures we
conclude that Instantaneous Quantum Polynomial-Time (IQP) circuits with 208
qubits, Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) circuits with 420
qubits and boson sampling circuits (i.e. linear optical networks) with 98
photons are large enough for the task of producing samples from their output
distributions up to constant multiplicative error to be intractable on current
technology. In the first two cases, we extend this to constant additive error
by introducing an average-case fine-grained conjecture.Comment: 24 pages + 3 appendices, 8 figures. v2: number of qubits calculation
updated and conjectures clarified after becoming aware of Ref. [42]. v3:
Section IV and Appendix C added to incorporate additive-error simulation
Congenital cytomegalovirus related intestinal malrotation: a case report
Background: Cytomegalovirus is the most common cause of congenital infection in the developed countries. Gastrointestinal involvement has been extensively described in both adult and paediatric immunocompromised patients but it is infrequent in congenital or perinatal CMV infection. Case presentation: We report on a case of coexistent congenital Cytomegalovirus infection with intestinal malrotation and positive intestinal Cytomegalovirus biopsy. At birth the neonate showed clinical and radiological evidence of intestinal obstruction. Meconium passed only after evacuative nursing procedures; stooling pattern was irregular; gastric residuals were bile-stained. Laparatomy revealed a complete intestinal malrotation and contextually gastrointestinal biopsy samples of the appendix confirmed the diagnosis of CMV gastrointestinal disease. Intravenous ganciclovir was initiated for 2 weeks, followed by oral valgancyclovir for 6 month. Conclusion: CMV-induced proinflammatory process may be responsible of the interruption of the normal development of the gut or could in turn lead to a disruption in the normal development of the gut potentiating the mechanism causing malrotation. We suggest the hypothesis that an inflammatory process induced by CMV congenital infection may be responsible, in the early gestation, of the intestinal end-organ disease, as the intestinal malrotation. CMV infection should always be excluded in full-term infants presenting with colonic stricture or malrotation
Quantitative comparison between different methods for the determination of the amplified spontaneous emission threshold in dye-polymer blends and perovskite thin films
Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) properties and ASE threshold are usually investigated for the
characterization of a candidate active material for laser applications. However, the comparison among
different materials is often hampered by the use in literature of several different methods to estimate
the ASE threshold. In this work we quantitatively compare the ASE threshold values obtained by using
the most employed methods in dye-doped polymer and lead halide perovskite thin films, highlighting
the dependence of the value obtained on the applied method
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