Thermal bioclimate in idealized urban street canyons in Campinas, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Among several urban design parameters, the height-to-width ratio (H/W) and orientation are important parameters strongly affecting thermal conditions in cities. This paper quantifies changes in thermal comfort due to typical urban canyon configurations in Campinas, Brazil, and presents urban guidelines concerning H/W ratios and green spaces to adapt urban climate change. The study focuses on thermal comfort issues of humans in urban areas and performs evaluation in terms of physiologically equivalent temperature (PET), based on long-term data. Meteorological data of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and solar radiation over a 7-year period (2003-2010) were used. A 3D street canyon model was designed with RayMan Pro software to simulate the influence of urban configuration on urban thermal climate. The following configurations and setups were used. The model canyon was 500 m in length, with widths 9, 21, and 44 m. Its height varied in steps of 2.5 m, from 5 to 40 m. The canyon could be rotated in steps of 15A degrees. The results show that urban design parameters such as width, height, and orientation modify thermal conditions within street canyons. A northeast-southwest orientation can reduce PET during daytime more than other scenarios. Forestry management and green areas are recommended to promote shade on pedestrian areas and on fa double dagger ades, and to improve bioclimate thermal stress, in particular for H/W ratio less than 0.5. The method and results can be applied by architects and urban planners interested in developing responsive guidelines for urban climate issues.11541671333340Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Thermal bioclimate as a factor in urban and architectural planning in tropical climates-The case of Campinas, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Urban climate studies can provide information necessary for the improvement of conditions of thermal comfort for people in cities in the Tropics. This paper presents thermal bioclimate analysis of a case study in Campinas, Brazil, using air temperature (T-a), mean radiant temperature (T-mrt), and Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET), which can be used as assessment factors for urban and architectural planning in tropical climate. The meteorological data air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation for the period 2003 to 2010 were used to calculate T-mrt and PET using the RayMan Pro model. Simulations of shade and wind speed variations were performed to quantify changes in thermal bioclimate due to modifications in urban morphology. The results show that solar radiation and wind speed not only influence air temperature, but also more extensive thermal comfort and heat stress as well. Furthermore, the simulations of the variation of wind speed and shade conditions demonstrate that shade can improve thermal comfort situations in terms of PET above 35 A degrees C. The improvement of outdoor thermal comfort is an important step in achieving sustainability of urban spaces and configurations. These results are valuable for architects, planners, and urban designers for the description of conditions and the development of possibilities for improving microclimatic conditions based on urban design and configurations.172489500Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES