69 research outputs found
Therapeutic strategies for functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome based on pathophysiology
Immunoregulation in human malaria: the challenge of understanding asymptomatic infection
Indirect and direct effects of the divalent cation ionophore A23187 on guinea pig and rat ventricular myocardium.
Novel sources of resistance to Septoria nodorum blotch in the Vavilov wheat collection identified by genome-wide association studies
The fungus Parastagonospora nodorum is the causal agent of Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB) of wheat. The pathosystem is mediated by multiple fungal necrotrophic effector–host sensitivity gene interactions that include SnToxA–Tsn1, SnTox1–Snn1, and SnTox3–Snn3. A P. nodorum strain lacking SnToxA, SnTox1, and SnTox3 (toxa13) retained wild-type-like ability to infect some modern wheat cultivars, suggesting evidence of other effector-mediated susceptibility gene interactions or the lack of host resistance genes. To identify genomic regions harbouring such loci, we examined a panel of 295 historic wheat accessions from the N. I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources in Russia, which is comprised of genetically diverse landraces and breeding lines registered from 1920 to 1990. The wheat panel was subjected to effector bioassays, infection with P. nodorum wild type (SN15) and toxa13. In general, SN15 was more virulent than toxa13. Insensitivity to all three effectors contributed significantly to resistance against SN15, but not toxa13. Genome-wide association studies using phenotypes from SN15 infection detected quantitative trait loci (QTL) on chromosomes 1BS (Snn1), 2DS, 5AS, 5BS (Snn3), 3AL, 4AL, 4BS, and 7AS. For toxa13 infection, a QTL was detected on 5AS (similar to SN15), plus two additional QTL on 2DL and 7DL. Analysis of resistance phenotypes indicated that plant breeders may have inadvertently selected for effector insensitivity from 1940 onwards. We identify accessions that can be used to develop bi-parental mapping populations to characterise resistance-associated alleles for subsequent introgression into modern bread wheat to minimise the impact of SNB
Evidence for genetic differentiation among Caspian tern (Hydroprogne caspia) populations in North America
The Relation Between Urinary Tract Infections and Stone Composition in Renal Stone Formers
In vivo study of the healing processes that occur in the jaws of rabbits following perforation by an Er,Cr:YSGG laser
Periodontal Inflammatory Conditions Among Smokers and Never-Smokers With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Influence of implant bed preparation using an Er:YAG laser on the osseointegration of titanium implants: a histomorphometrical study in dogs
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