1861-09-23 Quartermaster Charles V. Lord sends blanks for regimental reports

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Linear oscillations of a compressible hemispherical bubble on a solid substrate

The linear natural and forced oscillations of a hemispherical bubble on a solid substrate are under theoretical consideration. The contact line dynamics is taken into account with the Hocking condition, which eventually leads to interaction of the shape and volume oscillations. Resonant phenomena, mostly pronounced for the bubble with the fixed contact line or with the fixed contact angle, are found out. The limiting case of weakly compressible bubble is studied. The general criterion identifying whether the compressibility of a bubble can be neglected is obtained.Comment: new slightly extended version with some minor changes, added journal reference and DOI information; 12 pages, 8 figures, published in Physics of Fluid

Kelvin Wave Cascade and Decay of Superfluid Turbulence

Kelvin waves (kelvons)--the distortion waves on vortex lines--play a key part in the relaxation of superfluid turbulence at low temperatures. We present a weak-turbulence theory of kelvons. We show that non-trivial kinetics arises only beyond the local-induction approximation and is governed by three-kelvon collisions; corresponding kinetic equation is derived. On the basis of the kinetic equation, we prove the existence of Kolmogorov cascade and find its spectrum. The qualitative analysis is corroborated by numeric study of the kinetic equation. The application of the results to the theory of superfluid turbulence is discussed.Comment: 4 pages, RevTe

Expression of heat shock protein–70 by dendritic cells in the arterial intima and its potential significance in atherogenesis

AbstractObjective: Overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) is an important means of cell protection during physiologic stress such as occurs during atherogenesis. Immune responses are early events in atherosclerosis, with recent studies indicating that both humoral and cellular autoimmune processes in atherogenesis are directed toward HSPs. Dendritic cells are the key cells in the initiation and regulation of immune responses. This study examined whether HSP70 is overexpressed by dendritic cells in atherosclerotic lesions. Methods: Twenty-six carotid artery and 16 aortic specimens obtained at endarterectomy and aortic reconstruction were examined with immunohistochemical techniques. The nature of cells that overexpressed HSP70 was studied in consecutive sections that were double stained with antibodies to HSP70 and cell type–specific markers, including CD1a and fascin (to identify dendritic cells), CD14 (monocytes), CD68 (macrophages), CD3 (T cells), CD15 (mast cells), von Willibrand factor (endothelial cells), and α–smooth muscle actin (smooth muscle cells). Staining with HLA-DR and CD1d was used to identify cells involved in antigen presentation. Results: In advanced atherosclerotic lesions, several cell types, including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and smooth muscle cells, overexpressed HSP70. In contrast, in early atherosclerotic lesions, only dendritic cells overexpressed HSP70. Dendritic cells that overexpressed HSP70 frequently contacted T cells and also expressed HLA-DR. Furthermore, dendritic cells that clustered with T cells expressed CD1d, a unique molecule responsible for presenting lipid antigens. Conclusion: The results suggest that direct contacts between activated dendritic cells that overexpress HSP70 and T cells might be responsible for T cell activation and might facilitate the presentation of lipid antigens to T cells directly within the arterial wall. In early intimal lesions, HSP70 is overexpressed exclusively by dendritic cells, which suggests that dendritic cells might be involved in the early phases of atherogenesis. (J Vasc Surg 2002;35:368-75.

Oesophageal adenocarcinoma: A patient and physician\u27s perspective

This article is co-authored by a patient with oesophageal adenocarcinoma and his physician, who performed oesophagectomy. The patient relates his pre-operative preparation and post-operative experience. The physician comments on the alarming increase in the incidence of this cancer, risk factors, and treatment. As illustrated by the patient’s report, the physician also discusses the importance of maintaining adequate nutrition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and a positive psychological attitude

Colonic lesion characterization in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Aim: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis for the diagnostic accuracy of in vivo lesion characterization in colonic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), using optical imaging techniques, including virtual chro-moendoscopy (VCE), dye-based chromoendoscopy (DBC), magnification endoscopy and confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE). Methods: We searched Medline, Embase and the Cochrane library. We performed a bivariate meta-analysis to calculate the pooled estimate sensitivities, specificities, positive and negative likelihood ratios (+LHR, -LHR), diagnostic odds ratios (DOR), and area under the SROC curve (AUSROC) for each technology group. A subgroup analysis was performed to investigate differences in real-time non-magnified Kudo pit patterns (with VCE and DBC) and real-time CLE. Results: We included 22 studies [1491 patients; 4674 polyps, of which 539 (11.5%) were neoplastic]. Real-time CLE had a pooled sensitivity of 91% (95%CI: 66%-98%), specificity of 97% (95%CI: 94%-98%), and an AUSROC of 0.98 (95%CI: 0.97-0.99). Magnification endoscopy had a pooled sensitivity of 90% (95%CI: 77%-96%) and specificity of 87% (95%CI: 81%-91%). VCE had a pooled sensitivity of 86% (95%CI: 62%-95%) and specificity of 87% (95%CI: 72%-95%). DBC had a pooled sensitivity of 67% (95%CI: 44%-84%) and specificity of 86% (95%CI: 72%-94%). Conclusion: Real-time CLE is a highly accurate technology for differentiating neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions in patients with colonic IBD. However, most CLE studies were performed by single expert users within tertiary centres, potentially confounding these results

Protocol for an HTA report: Does therapeutic writing help people with long-term conditions? Systematic review, realist synthesis and economic modelling

This article is made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 3.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/Introduction: Long-term medical conditions (LTCs) cause reduced health-related quality of life and considerable health service expenditure. Writing therapy has potential to improve physical and mental health in people with LTCs, but its effectiveness is not established. This project aims to establish the clinical and cost-effectiveness of therapeutic writing in LTCs by systematic review and economic evaluation, and to evaluate context and mechanisms by which it might work, through realist synthesis. Methods: Included are any comparative study of therapeutic writing compared with no writing, waiting list, attention control or placebo writing in patients with any diagnosed LTCs that report at least one of the following: relevant clinical outcomes; quality of life; health service use; psychological, behavioural or social functioning; adherence or adverse events. Searches will be conducted in the main medical databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library and Science Citation Index. For the realist review, further purposive and iterative searches through snowballing techniques will be undertaken. Inclusions, data extraction and quality assessment will be in duplicate with disagreements resolved through discussion. Quality assessment will include using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Data synthesis will be narrative and tabular with meta-analysis where appropriate. De novo economic modelling will be attempted in one clinical area if sufficient evidence is available and performed according to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) reference case.National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment (NIHR HTA) Programm

Cavitation and bubble collapse in hot asymmetric nuclear matter

The dynamics of embryonic bubbles in overheated, viscous and non-Markovian nuclear matter is studied. It is shown that the memory and the Fermi surface distortions significantly affect the hinderance of bubble collapse and determine a characteristic oscillations of the bubble radius. These oscillations occur due to the additional elastic force induced by the memory integral.Comment: Revtex file (10 pages) and 3 figure

Metacognitive monitoring and control of eyewitness memory reports in autism

Providing eyewitness testimony involves monitoring one's memory to provide a detailed and accurate account: reporting details likely to be accurate and withholding potentially inaccurate details. Autistic individuals reportedly experience difficulties in both retrieving episodic memories and monitoring their accuracy, which has important implications for eyewitness testimony. Thirty autistic and 33 IQ‐matched typically developing (TD) participants viewed a video of a mock bank robbery followed by three phases of questions (with judgments of confidence). In Phase 1, participants freely generated the granularity of their responses (i.e., fine‐ or coarse‐grained). In Phase 2, participants answered the same questions but provided both a fine‐ and a coarse‐grained answer. In Phase 3, participants were instructed to maximize accuracy over informativeness by selecting one of their Phase 2 answers as their final answer. They either received the questions socially (from the experimenter) or answered them online. There were no group differences in accuracy or metacognitive monitoring, with both autistic and TD witnesses demonstrating: (a) a strong preference for reporting fine‐grained details at the expense of accuracy; (b) improved though still suboptimal grain size reporting when instructed to maximize accuracy over informativeness; (c) effective accuracy monitoring; and (d) higher overall accuracy when questions were delivered socially. There was, however, a subtle difference in metacognitive control, with autistic witnesses performing more poorly than TD witnesses when questions were delivered socially, but not when they were delivered online. These findings contrast with evidence suggesting that autism is marked by impairments in episodic memory and metacognitive monitoring and control