Colonial refractions: the 'Gypsy camp' as a spatio-racial political technology

Camps for civilians first appeared in the colonies. Largely drawing on the literature on colonialism and race, this article conceptualizes the 'Gypsy camp' in Western European cities as a spatio-racial political technology. We first discuss the shift, starting with decolonization, from colonial to metropolitan technologies of the governance of social heterogeneity. We then relate this broad historical framing to the ideas and ideologies that since the 1960s have been underpinning the planning and governance of the ‘Gypsy camp' in both the UK and Italy. We document the 1970s emergence of a new and distinctive type of camp that was predicated upon a racially connoted tension between policies criminalizing sedentarization and ideologies of cultural protection. Given that the imposition of the ‘Gypsy camp' was essentially uncontested, we argue that the conditions of possibility for it to emerge and become institutionalized were both a spatio-racial similarity with typically colonial technologies of governance, and the fact that it was largely perceived as a self-evident necessity for the governance and control of one specific population. We conclude by calling for more analyses on this and other forms of urban confinement in both the Global North and South, in order to account for the increasingly disquieting mushrooming of confining and controlling governance devices, practices and ideologies

STUDY OF URBAN AEROSOL BY MEANS OF PIXE AND MICRO-PIXE

URBAN AEROSOL COMPOSITION IS STUDIED BY MEANS OF PIXE AND MICRO-PIX

PIXE ANALYSIS OF PORE WATER TO STUDY TRACE METAL DISTRIBUTION IN BOTTOM SEDIMENT CORES FROM VENICE LAGOON

PIXE ANALYSIS OF PORE WATER ARE PERFORMED TO STUDY TRACE METAL DISTRIBUTION IN BOTTOM SEDIMENT CORES AND EXCHANGE WITH SURFACE WATER IN VENICE LAGOO

FISAMB-MO ACTIVITY IN 1990: METHODOLOGICAL PROGRESS AND PIXE APPLICATION TO STUDY SEDIMENTATION IN VENICE LAGOON

THE WORK DESCRIBES THE METHODOLOGICAL PROGRESS AND THE PIXE APPLICATION OF THE RESEARCH GROUP IN THE STUDY OF SEDIMENTATION PHENOMENA IN VENICE LAGOO

THE STUDY OF ANTARCTIC ICE BY MEANS OF PIXE TECHNIQUE: AN APPLICATION PERFORMED BY FISAMB-MO GROUP IN 1991

The work describes the experimental set-up and the target preparation performed for PIXE analysis of ice samples

TRACE ELEMENTS IN POLAR ICE. INVESTIGATION OF THEIR PAST VARIATION IN THE ATMOSPHERE

The past variation of trace element concentration in atmosphere is studied by PIXE analysis of polar ice samples

Distribuzione dei giorni continuativi di nebbia e delle annesse piccole precipitazioni a Modena

Vengono studiate le serie storiche di osservazioni sulla nebbia a Modena, risalenti fino al 1892.Come schema interpretativo delle distribuzioni statistiche è stato adottato quello già considerato a riguardo delle precipitazioni idriche (Morelli e Santangelo, 1989).Nel caso della nebbia si suppone che essa sia conseguenza principale dei fenomeni di blocco. L'anno verrà suddiviso in periodi di 28 giorni per un totale di 13 periodi in un anno. I dati relativi a periodi omologhi in anni diversi sono stati accumulati nell'ipotesi di ciclostazionarietà e di evoluzione stagionale lenta. Precisamente verranno presentate le distribuzioni delle catene dei giorni consecutivi contrassegnati da presenza di nebbia e iniziate nel periodo considerato. La catena di giorni di nebbia viene interrotta per cause dinamiche che a fini statistici vengono considerate come casuali. A fini di agrometeorologia verranno anche riportate le concomitanti osservazioni di precipitazione idrica da nebbia (precipitazione < = 0.4 mm in 24 ore).Per meglio interpretare il fenomeno nebbioso verranno anche considerate le concomitanti distribuzioni di pressione

PIXE APPLICATION IN THE STUDY OF POLLUTANT ENRICHMENT IN MARINE AEROSOLS

POLLUTANT ENRICHMENT IN MARINE AEROSOLS IS STUDIED BY MEANS OF PIXE MEASUREMENTS OF AEROSOL SAMPLES FROM SEA WATE