8 research outputs found
A Model for the Ultrastructure of Bone Based on Electron Microscopy of Ion-Milled Sections
The relationship between the mineral component of bone and associated collagen has been a matter of continued dispute. We use transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of cryogenically ion milled sections of fully-mineralized cortical bone to study the spatial and topological relationship between mineral and collagen. We observe that hydroxyapatite (HA) occurs largely as elongated plate-like structures which are external to and oriented parallel to the collagen fibrils. Dark field images suggest that the structures (“mineral structures”) are polycrystalline. They are approximately 5 nm thick, 70 nm wide and several hundred nm long. Using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis we show that approximately 70% of the HA occurs as mineral structures external to the fibrils. The remainder is found constrained to the gap zones. Comparative studies of other species suggest that this structural motif is ubiquitous in all vertebrates
Flow injection amperometric determination of hydrogen peroxide in household commercial products with a ruthenium oxide hexacyanoferrate modified electrode
Voltammetric studies of titanium (IV) phosphate modified with copper hexacyanoferrate and electroanalytical determination of N-acetylcysteine
Characterization of Alcohol Dehydrogenase from Permeabilized Brewer's Yeast Cells Immobilized on the Derived Attapulgite Nanofibers
Influence of Mineralization and Microporosity on Tissue Elasticity: Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Mineralized Turkey Leg Tendons
Metal Hexacyanoferrates: Ion Insertion (or Exchange) Capabilities
Metal hexacyanoferrates are mixed-valence compounds characterized by open 3D frameworks that confer a variety of properties and allow the applicability in several fields. In this chapter, we focused on ion exchange capabilities. In the first instance, we examined diffusion-driven processes. Secondly, we addressed to electrochemically driven processes, reviewing the main currently used methods and applications