Subgingival triclosan-polydimethylsiloxane gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of a triclosan-polydimethylsiloxane-containing gel when used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on the treatment of chronic periodontal disease. Methods: A 3-month, double-blind, randomized parallel design clinical trial was performed in 20 subjects with chronic periodontitis. The subjects, presenting at least three anterior sites with probing depth (PD)+/- 5 mm and bleeding on probing (BoP), were randomly assigned to two experimental groups: Group SRP-T: scaling/root planing plus test gel application (triclosan 1% + polydimethylsiloxane 13%) or Group SRP: scaling/root planing plus control gel application (polydimethylsiloxane 13%). Immediately following mechanical therapy, each assigned gel was applied to the selected sites and once a week during the following 3 weeks. Re-examinations were carried out on days 45 and 90 after the last irrigation. Results: Significant reductions in PD and clinical attachment level (CAL) were observed for both groups in both periods (P 0.05) between groups.21317117

Microbiologic changes following administration of locally delivered doxycycline in smokers: A 15-month follow-up

Background: Additional clinical benefits have been reported with the use of locally delivered antimicrobials in the treatment of smokers; however, long-term changes in the subgingival microbiota following the use of these drugs in smokers have not been documented. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term microbiologic changes following locally delivered doxycycline in the treatment of smokers. Methods: Sixteen smokers with chronic periodontitis presenting a minimum of four pockets (probing depth >= 5 mm) were selected. Patients were assigned randomly to receive scaling and root planing (SRP) or SRP and local doxycycline (SRP-D). Patients were treated at baseline and 12 months. Subgingival plaque samples were collected at baseline; 3, 6, and 12 months; and 45 and 90 days following retreatment. Polymerase chain reaction and DNA-DNA hybridization analyses were performed to detect the presence of selected periodontal pathogens. Results: The reduction in the number of sites positive for Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis) was statistically significant for SRP-D at 3 months (68% and 41.3%, respectively) and for SRP at 6 months (75% and 52%, respectively) following treatment. The SRP group showed a greater frequency of P. gingivalis than the SRP-D group at 3 months (58% and 25%, respectively). There also was a greater reduction in the frequency of P. gingivalis at 3 months following retreatment with SRP-D compared to SRP (47% and 8%, respectively). Conclusion: In smokers, adjunctive local doxycycline resulted in a greater reduction in the frequency of P. gingivalis following initial and supportive therapy compared to conventional treatment.78112143214

Connective tissue graft plus resin-modified glass ionomer restoration for the treatment of gingival recession associated with non-carious cervical lesions: microbiological and immunological results

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)It was previously reported the clinical results of placing subgingival resin-modified glass ionomer restoration for treatment of gingival recession associated with non-carious cervical lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of this treatment on the subgingival biofilm and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) inflammatory markers. Thirty-four patients presenting the combined defect were selected. The defects were treated with either connective tissue graft plus modified glass ionomer restoration (CTG+R) or with connective tissue graft only (CTG). Evaluation included bleeding on probing and probing depth, 5 different bacteria targets in the subgingival plaque assessed at baseline, 45, and 180 days post treatments, and 9 inflammatory mediators were also assessed in the GCF. The levels of each target bacterium were similar during the entire period of evaluation (p > 0.05), both within and between groups. The highest levels among the studied species were observed for the bacterium associated with periodontal health. Additionally, the levels of all cyto/chemokines analyzed were not statistically different between groups (p > 0.05). Within the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that the presence of subgingival restoration may not interfere with the subgingival microflora and with GCF inflammatory markers analyzed. This approach usually leads to the placement of a subgingival restoration. There is a lack of information about the microbiological and immunological effects of this procedure. The results suggest that this combined approach may be considered as a treatment option for the lesion included in this study.1716777Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)FAPESP [09/17194-7]CNPq [300817/2007-0

The subgingival microbiome of clinically healthy current and never smokers

Dysbiotic oral bacterial communities have a critical role in the etiology and progression of periodontal diseases. The goal of this study was to investigate the extent to which smoking increases risk for disease by influencing the composition of the subgingival microbiome in states of clinical health. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from 200 systemically and periodontally healthy smokers and nonsmokers. 16S pyrotag sequencing was preformed generating 1 623 713 classifiable sequences, which were compared with a curated version of the Greengenes database using the quantitative insights into microbial ecology pipeline. The subgingival microbial profiles of smokers and never-smokers were different at all taxonomic levels, and principal coordinate analysis revealed distinct clustering of the microbial communities based on smoking status. Smokers demonstrated a highly diverse, pathogen-rich, commensal-poor, anaerobic microbiome that is more closely aligned with a disease-associated community in clinically healthy individuals, suggesting that it creates an at-risk-for-harm environment that is primed for a future ecological catastrophe