Dark Energy and Fate of the Universe

We explore the ultimate fate of the Universe by using a divergence-free parametrization for dark energy $w(z)=w_0+w_a({\ln (2+z)\over 1+z}-\ln2)$. Unlike the CPL parametrization, this parametrization has well behaved, bounded behavior for both high redshifts and negative redshifts, and thus can genuinely cover many theoretical dark energy models. After constraining the parameter space of this parametrization by using the current cosmological observations, we find that, at the 95.4% confidence level, our Universe can still exist at least 16.7 Gyr before it ends in a big rip. Moreover, for the phantom energy dominated Universe, we find that a gravitationally bound system will be destroyed at a time $t \simeq P\sqrt{2|1+3w(-1)|}/[6\pi |1+w(-1)|]$, where $P$ is the period of a circular orbit around this system, before the big rip.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; typos corrected, publication version, Sci China-Phys Mech Astron, doi: 10.1007/s11433-012-4748-

Evaluation on Integrated Innovation Capability of Regions Based on Principal Component Analysis

The main carriers of national innovation capacity are the regions which gather the technology, economy, and culture, and the strength of regional innovation capacity indicates the strength of the national innovation capability, so the key to the improvement of the national innovation capacity is to enhance the innovation capacity of every region. Using statistics and statistical software SPSS V17.0 Statistics for principal component analysis, and to analyze and sort the innovation capability for our country’s 15 provinces and municipalities, evaluate the results and put forward policy recommendations related, to provide better ideas for economic development of every region.Key words: comprehensive evaluation; innovation capability of regions; integrated innovation capability; principal component analysis The title, abstract and keywords are being translated into French at present and the French version will be added into the paper later

The Research on Performance of Industrial Innovation System

The concept of industrial innovation system has been applied for explaining industrial development power. How about is operating ability and performance of an industrial innovation system? How evaluates performance of an industrial innovation system? Those problems raise attention of scholars and governors. The paper puts forward indicators system and method for evaluating performance of industrial innovation system. We evaluate 29 industrial innovation system applying those indicators and method. We conclude: 1st, Different industries have different operating ability and they have different performance. 2nd, If synthesizing ability of an industrial innovation system is stronger, this is not meaning its each part stronger. 3rd, There is not a model that can fit each industrial innovation system. Key words: Industrial innovation system, Principal Component Analysis, Indicators Résumé: Le concept de système d’innovation industriel a été appliqué pour expliquer la capacité de développement industriel. Comment sont la capacité opérationnelle et la performance d’un système d’innovation industriel ? Comment évaluer sa performance ? Ces questions attirent l’attention des savants et des gouverneurs. L’article présent propose un système d’indicateurs et une méthode pour l’évaluation de la performance du système d’innovation industriel. A la suite de l’évaluation de 29 systèmes d’innovation industriels qui appliquent ces indicateurs et méthode, on tire les conclusions suivantes : 1st, De différentes industries ont de différentes capacités opérationnelles. 2nd, Le fait que la capacité synthétique d’un système d’innovation industriel est grande ne signifie pas que chacune de ses parts est forte. 3rd, Il n’y a pas une méthode universelle qui peut s’adapter à touts les systèmes d’innovation industriels. Mots-Clés: système d’innovation industriel, composante principale d’analys

Phase equilibria of CO2 hydrate in NaCl-MgCl2 aqueous solutions

Phase equilibrium data for CO2 hydrate in presence of binary NaCl-MgCl2 aqueous solutions were obtained at four different concentrations (2 wt%NaCl-8 wt%MgCl2, 8 wt%NaCl-2wt%MgCl2, 5 wt% NaCl-15 wt%MgCl2, 15 wt% NaCl-5 wt%MgCl2) in the temperature range of (258.63 to 276.45) K and in the pressure range of (1.34 to 3.41) MPa, respectively. The measurements were carried out by employing isochoric pressure search method with uncertainties of +/- 0.1 K for temperature and +/- 0.02 MPa for pressure. The hydrate equilibrium data for the (CO2 + water) system were compared with some experimental data from the literature, and the acceptable agreement demonstrated the reliability of the experimental method used in this work. The van der Waals and Platteeuw (vdW-P) solid solution theory was used to model the hydrate phase, and the equation of Weiss combined with Pitzer-based model was applied to characterize the activity of water. The predicted results were in good consistency with the experimental data, and the average pressure deviation was 5.13%. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p